Exopolysaccharide-independent social motility of Myxococcus xanthus.
Exopolysaccharide-independent social motility of Myxococcus xanthus.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0016102
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发表时间：
2011-01-05
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Shi W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu W;Hossain M;Lux R;Wang J;Yang Z;Li Y;Shi W
黄粘球菌的社会性运动（S运动性），即大细胞群在琼脂表面的协调运动，需要IV型菌毛（TFP）和外多糖（EPS）。先前的模型提出，这种行为只发生在细胞群内，需要TFP与EPS的密切相互作用触发TFP的伸展和收缩周期。然而，令人好奇的是，当将M. xanthus放置在含有1%甲基纤维素的高粘性介质中的聚苯乙烯表面上时，它可以在单细胞水平上进行依赖tfp的运动，这表明“S运动”并不局限于群体运动。在先前关于S运动性的研究结果的进一步挑战中，发现EPS产生缺陷的突变体在含甲基纤维素的介质中对聚苯乙烯表面进行tfp依赖的运动性。通过探索pilin和表面材料之间的相互作用，我们发现TFP与聚苯乙烯表面的结合消除了EPS细胞对EPS的需求，从而在单个细胞水平上实现了依赖于TFP的运动。然而，黏性环境中一般锚定表面的存在并不能代替细胞表面EPS在群体运动中的作用。此外，研究还发现，EPS作为一种自产的锚定底物，可以脱落到表面上，使细胞能够进行依赖tfp的运动，而不管表面性质如何。这些结果表明，在某些环境中，如甲基纤维素溶液中，细胞可以绕过EPS锚定其TPF的需要，并进行单细胞S运动，以促进菌落在新的特定表面上的探索性运动。
Social motility (S motility), the coordinated movement of large cell groups on agar surfaces, of Myxococcus xanthus requires type IV pili (TFP) and exopolysaccharides (EPS). Previous models proposed that this behavior, which only occurred within cell groups, requires cycles of TFP extension and retraction triggered by the close interaction of TFP with EPS. However, the curious observation that M. xanthus can perform TFP-dependent motility at a single-cell level when placed onto polystyrene surfaces in a highly viscous medium containing 1% methylcellulose indicated that “S motility” is not limited to group movements. In an apparent further challenge of the previous findings for S motility, mutants defective in EPS production were found to perform TFP-dependent motility on polystyrene surface in methylcellulose-containing medium. By exploring the interactions between pilin and surface materials, we found that the binding of TFP onto polystyrene surfaces eliminated the requirement for EPS in EPS- cells and thus enabled TFP-dependent motility on a single cell level. However, the presence of a general anchoring surface in a viscous environment could not substitute for the role of cell surface EPS in group movement. Furthermore, EPS was found to serve as a self-produced anchoring substrate that can be shed onto surfaces to enable cells to conduct TFP-dependent motility regardless of surface properties. These results suggested that in certain environments, such as in methylcellulose solution, the cells could bypass the need for EPS to anchor their TPF and conduct single-cell S motility to promote exploratory movement of colonies over new specific surfaces.
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影响因子：
3.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
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作者：
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.97.16.9098
发表时间：
2000-08-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Julien, B;Kaiser, AD;Garza, A
通讯作者：
Garza, A