Use of predator cues to bolster oyster resilience for aquaculture and reef restoration
Use of predator cues to bolster oyster resilience for aquaculture and reef restoration
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利用捕食者线索增强牡蛎的恢复力，促进水产养殖和珊瑚礁恢复
DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736553
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Smee, Delbert L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Belgrad, Benjamin A.;Combs, Emily M.;Walton, William C.;Smee, Delbert L.
许多软体动物改变他们的壳形态，以应对捕食者分泌物或受伤的同种，以降低其捕食风险。然而，研究还没有检查这种捕食者回避反应是否可以应用于支持珊瑚礁恢复，渔业增强或水产养殖。我们测试了在孵化场条件下暴露于捕食者线索是否可以增加种植在田间基质上的牡蛎Crassostravirginica的存活率。少年牡蛎，设置在壳和生长在一个流通系统，暴露于笼中的蓝蟹，Callinectes sapidus，或空笼的控制为4或8周，然后放置在外地30天。我们比较了牡蛎壳强度和形态以及牡蛎生存捕食者暴露时间处理。在孵化场生长8周的牡蛎比生长4周的牡蛎大46%，强壮近2倍。然而，捕食者暴露也导致了50%的增加壳强度的两个时间段。在该领域，牡蛎遭受相对较少的死亡率时，保护捕食者使用笼子，几乎所有的死亡率归因于捕食。与未暴露的处理相比，捕食者线索处理显著增加了未笼牡蛎的生存概率（如在珊瑚礁恢复或种群增强中所做的那样）。早期的线索曝光产生了更大的收益，随着时间的推移，捕食者诱导的牡蛎护理四周表现出53%的生存率比未暴露的牡蛎，而这生存增益跃升至300%，为8周的线索曝光。我们的研究结果表明，捕食者的线索可以为行业，以提高水产养殖和恢复工作的运作效率的有效手段，并可能被应用到其他双壳类渔业。
Many mollusks alter their shell morphology in response to predator exudates or injured conspecifics to lower their predation risk. However, studies have yet to examine whether this predator-avoidance response can be applied to bolster reef restoration, fisheries enhancement, or aquaculture. We tested whether exposure to predator cues under hatchery conditions can increase the survival of oysters,Crassostreavirginica, planted in the field on the substrate. Juvenile oysters, set on shells and grown in a flow-through system, were exposed to either caged blue crabs,Callinectes sapidus, or controls of empty cages for either four or eight weeks then placed in the field for 30 days. We compared oyster shell strength and morphology as well as oyster survival among predator exposure time treatments. Oysters grown in the hatchery for eight weeks were 46% larger and almost 2× stronger than oysters grown for four weeks. However, predator exposure also caused a 50% increase in shell strength for both time periods. In the field, oysters suffered relatively little mortality when protected from predators using cages, and virtually all mortality was attributed to predation. Predator cue treatments significantly increased the survival probability of uncaged oysters (as would be done in reef restoration or stock enhancement) compared to unexposed treatments. Early cue exposure yielded substantially greater gains in survivorship over time as predator induced oysters nursed for four weeks exhibited 53% higher survival in the field than unexposed oysters while this survivorship gain jumped to 300% for eight weeks of cue exposure. Our findings demonstrate that predator cues can be an effective means for the industry to increase the operational efficiency of aquaculture and restoration efforts, and may potentially be applied to other bivalve fisheries.
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DOI：
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发表时间：
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期刊：
The American Naturalist
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