Lymphatic vessels: roles and potential therapeutic intervention in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Lymphatic vessels: roles and potential therapeutic intervention in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
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作者：
Zhou S;Zhao G;Chen R;Li Y;Huang J;Kuang L;Zhang D;Li Z;Xu H;Xiang W;Xie Y;Chen L;Ni Z
淋巴管网络是脊椎动物心血管系统的重要组成部分，通过调节体液运输和免疫监视参与各种生理和病理过程。靶向淋巴管已成为治疗各种人类疾病的有效策略。类风湿关节炎（RA）和骨关节炎（OA）关节中存在不同程度的炎症，其特征是炎症细胞浸润增加，炎症因子水平升高，炎症信号通路激活，这在关节炎条件下显著有助于软骨和骨稳态的破坏。越来越多的证据表明淋巴管在维持关节稳态中的关键作用，其病理改变与炎症性关节疾病的发生和进展密切相关。在这篇综述中，我们全面概述了在RA和OA发病机制中淋巴管的结构和功能方面不断发展的知识。此外，我们总结了炎症条件下淋巴功能调节维持关节稳态的潜在调节机制，并进一步讨论了RA和OA之间的区别。此外，我们描述了基于淋巴管的炎症性关节炎的治疗策略，包括促进淋巴管生成，通过抗炎方法恢复适当的淋巴管功能，增强淋巴管收缩性和引流，以及通过消除炎症细胞减轻淋巴系统内的充血。最后，我们设想了潜在的研究前景和策略，以淋巴管为靶点治疗这些炎症性关节疾病。
Lymphatic vessel networks are a main part of the vertebrate cardiovascular system, which participate in various physiological and pathological processes via regulation of fluid transport and immunosurveillance. Targeting lymphatic vessels has become a potent strategy for treating various human diseases. The presence of varying degrees of inflammation in joints of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by heightened infiltration of inflammatory cells, increased levels of inflammatory factors, and activation of inflammatory signaling pathways, significantly contributes to the disruption of cartilage and bone homeostasis in arthritic conditions. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the pivotal role of lymphatic vessels in maintaining joint homeostasis, with their pathological alterations closely associated with the initiation and progression of inflammatory joint diseases. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the evolving knowledge regarding the structural and functional aspects of lymphatic vessels in the pathogenesis of RA and OA. In addition, we summarized the potential regulatory mechanisms underlying the modulation of lymphatic function in maintaining joint homeostasis during inflammatory conditions, and further discuss the distinctions between RA and OA. Moreover, we describe therapeutic strategies for inflammatory arthritis based on lymphatic vessels, including the promotion of lymphangiogenesis, restoration of proper lymphatic vessel function through anti-inflammatory approaches, enhancement of lymphatic contractility and drainage, and alleviation of congestion within the lymphatic system through the elimination of inflammatory cells. At last, we envisage potential research perspectives and strategies to target lymphatic vessels in treating these inflammatory joint diseases.
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