Understanding conservationists' perspectives on the new-conservation debate.
Understanding conservationists' perspectives on the new-conservation debate.
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DOI：
10.1111/cobi.12811
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发表时间：
2017-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Fisher JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holmes G;Sandbrook C;Fisher JA
关于生物多样性保护未来方向的激烈辩论集中在所谓的新保护的优点上。新保护的支持者主张一系列关于关键保护思想的立场，例如人类主导的景观的重要性和保护与资本主义的接触。这些在由少数知名人士主导的辩论中受到了激烈的争议，到目前为止，在更广泛的自然资源保护者社区中，还没有对这些问题的现有观点进行实证探索。我们使用Q方法来检验2015年国际保护生物学大会（ICCB）与会者对新保护的经验观点。虽然我们在几个关键问题上达成了共识，但出现了3种不同的立场：赞成保护以造福人类，但反对与资本主义和公司联系;赞成生物中心主义方法，但与新保护的主要反对者相比，对荒野保护的重视程度较低;赞成已发表的新保护观点，但不太强调将增加人类福祉作为保护目标。我们的研究结果揭示了在文献中的新保护的辩论和观点之间的差异，在更广泛的，但仍然有限的，保护社区，并证明了至少存在一个观点（有利于保护，以造福人民，但反对与资本主义和公司的联系），这是几乎没有从公开的辩论。我们希望，我们更充分地了解存在但尚未听取的各种意见，将改善有关这一议题的辩论的质量和基调。
A vibrant debate about the future direction of biodiversity conservation centers on the merits of the so‐called new conservation. Proponents of the new conservation advocate a series of positions on key conservation ideas, such as the importance of human‐dominated landscapes and conservation's engagement with capitalism. These have been fiercely contested in a debate dominated by a few high‐profile individuals, and so far there has been no empirical exploration of existing perspectives on these issues among a wider community of conservationists. We used Q methodology to examine empirically perspectives on the new conservation held by attendees at the 2015 International Congress for Conservation Biology (ICCB). Although we identified a consensus on several key issues, 3 distinct positions emerged: in favor of conservation to benefit people but opposed to links with capitalism and corporations, in favor of biocentric approaches but with less emphasis on wilderness protection than prominent opponents of new conservation, and in favor of the published new conservation perspective but with less emphasis on increasing human well‐being as a goal of conservation. Our results revealed differences between the debate on the new conservation in the literature and views held within a wider, but still limited, conservation community and demonstrated the existence of at least one viewpoint (in favor of conservation to benefit people but opposed to links with capitalism and corporations) that is almost absent from the published debate. We hope the fuller understanding we present of the variety of views that exist but have not yet been heard, will improve the quality and tone of debates on the subject.
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