Dissociating Sensory and Cognitive Biases in Human Perceptual Decision-Making: A Re-evaluation of Evidence From Reference Repulsion

Dissociating Sensory and Cognitive Biases in Human Perceptual Decision-Making: A Re-evaluation of Evidence From Reference Repulsion
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分离人类感知决策中的感觉和认知偏差:对参考排斥证据的重新评估

DOI:
10.3389/fnhum.2019.00409
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发表时间:
2019-11
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Kuang Shenbing
Kuang Shenbing
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kuang Shenbing

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我们对世界的感知是由自下而上的感觉和自上而下的认知过程共同控制的。这常常回避这样一个问题:知觉现象是源于大脑中的感觉过程还是认知过程。例如,参照排斥是一种引人注目的视觉错觉,在这种错觉中,对运动刺激方向的主观估计偏离了参照边界,以前被认为起源于感觉水平。然而,最近的研究表明,这种误解本质上不是感官的,而是反映了知觉后的认知偏差。在这里,我从经验和概念两个方面对后知觉解释提出了挑战。我认为这些新发现与感官描述并不矛盾,可以更简明地解释为反映了不同参照系中运动表征的结果。最后,我将提出一个具体的实验,用可测试的预测来对这种视觉错觉的感觉和认知本质进行更多的洞察。
Our perception of the world is governed by a combination of bottom-up sensory and top-down cognitive processes. This often begs the question whether a perceptual phenomenon originates from sensory or cognitive processes in the brain. For instance, reference repulsion, a compelling visual illusion in which the subjective estimates about the direction of a motion stimulus are biased away from a reference boundary, is previously thought to be originated at the sensory level. Recent studies, however, suggest that the misperception is not sensory in nature but rather reflects post-perceptual cognitive biases. Here I challenge the post-perceptual interpretations on both empirical and conceptual grounds. I argue that these new findings are not incompatible with the sensory account and can be more parsimoniously explained as reflecting the consequences of motion representations in different reference frames. Finally, I will propose one concrete experiment with testable predictions to shed more insights on the sensory vs. cognitive nature of this visual illusion.
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