Physical health of autistic girls and women: a scoping review.
Physical health of autistic girls and women: a scoping review.
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自闭症女孩和妇女的身体健康：范围审查。
DOI：
10.1186/s13229-020-00380-z
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发表时间：
2020-10-27
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Einstein G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kassee C;Babinski S;Tint A;Lunsky Y;Brown HK;Ameis SH;Szatmari P;Lai MC;Einstein G
越来越多的人认识到性别和性别对自闭症的影响。越来越多的研究包括性别或性别之间的比较，但很少有研究侧重于澄清自闭症女孩/妇女身体健康的特征。进行了范围审查，以确定目前对自闭症女孩/妇女身体健康的了解情况。我们筛选了1112篇独特的文章，其中40篇研究符合纳入标准。我们使用聚合迭代过程将这些内容整合到广泛的主题领域中。与非自闭症女孩/妇女和自闭症男孩/男子相比，自闭症女孩/妇女经历了更多的整体身体健康挑战。新出现的证据表明，与非自闭症女孩/妇女和自闭症男孩/男子相比，自闭症女孩/妇女的癫痫患病率有所增加。文献还表明，与非自闭症女孩/妇女相比，自闭症女孩/妇女的内分泌和生殖健康状况有所改善。关于胃肠道、代谢、营养和免疫相关疾病的发现是初步的和不一致的。在如何评估和报告身体健康状况方面，文献具有实质性的异质性。此外，我们对身体健康的明确关注可能限制了研究精神和身体健康之间相互作用的能力。不同的研究目的和方法使得很难得出明确的结论。然而，为了与范围审查的目标保持一致，我们能够确定指导未来研究的关键主题。新出现的文献表明，与非自闭症女孩/妇女和自闭症男孩/男子相比，自闭症女孩/妇女的身体健康挑战率更高。临床医生在为自闭症女孩/妇女提供临床护理时，应寻求提供全面的护理，包括注重身体健康和发展妇女健康视角。
There is a growing recognition of sex and gender influences in autism. Increasingly, studies include comparisons between sexes or genders, but few have focused on clarifying the characteristics of autistic girls’/women’s physical health. A scoping review was conducted to determine what is currently known about the physical health of autistic girls/women. We screened 1112 unique articles, with 40 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. We used a convergent iterative process to synthesize this content into broad thematic areas. Autistic girls/women experience more overall physical health challenges compared to non-autistic girls/women and to autistic boys/men. Emerging evidence suggests increased prevalence of epilepsy in autistic girls/women compared to non-autistic girls/women and to autistic boys/men. The literature also suggests increased endocrine and reproductive health conditions in autistic girls/women compared to non-autistic girls/women. Findings regarding gastrointestinal, metabolic, nutritional, and immune-related conditions are preliminary and inconsistent. The literature has substantial heterogeneity in how physical health conditions were assessed and reported. Further, our explicit focus on physical health may have constrained the ability to examine interactions between mental and physical health. The widely differing research aims and methodologies make it difficult to reach definitive conclusions. Nevertheless, in keeping with the goals of a scoping review, we were able to identify key themes to guide future research. The emerging literature suggests that autistic girls/women have heightened rates of physical health challenges compared to non-autistic girls/women and to autistic boys/men. Clinicians should seek to provide holistic care that includes a focus on physical health and develop a women’s health lens when providing clinical care to autistic girls/women.
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