Efficiencies for parts and wholes in biological-motion perception.
Efficiencies for parts and wholes in biological-motion perception.
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DOI：
10.1167/17.12.21
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Gold JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bromfield WD;Gold JM
人们可以可靠地推断出动作，意图，从身体运动的人类同胞的精神状态（布莱克和Shiffrar，）。以前对这种生物运动感知的研究表明，脚的运动可能在对运动做出某些判断时起着特别重要的作用（Chang&Troje; Troje & Westhoff）。这种效应的一种解释是，人类视觉系统可能已经进化出专门的过程，可以有效地提取脚携带的信息（Troje & Westhoff）。或者，脚的运动可能只是比身体其他部位的运动更容易辨别。为了分离这两种可能性，我们测量了人们辨别行走方向的能力，其中个别身体部位（脚，手）被移除或单独显示。然后，我们将人类的表现与统计学上最优的观察者（Gold，Tadin，Cook和Blake）进行了比较，为我们提供了一个独立于可用信息的人类辨别能力的度量（称为效率的量）。我们发现，当手和脚单独显示时，效率最高。一系列后续实验表明，观察者依靠基于形式的线索与孤立的手（具体来说，他们的路径通过空间的方向）和基于运动的线索与孤立的脚，以实现如此高的效率。我们将我们的研究结果与以前的建议之间的区别形式为基础的和基于运动的机制在生物运动感知。
People can reliably infer the actions, intentions, and mental states of fellow humans from body movements (Blake & Shiffrar,). Previous research on such biological-motion perception has suggested that the movements of the feet may play a particularly important role in making certain judgments about locomotion (Chang & Troje,; Troje & Westhoff,). One account of this effect is that the human visual system may have evolved specialized processes that are efficient for extracting information carried by the feet (Troje & Westhoff,). Alternatively, the motion of the feet may simply be more discriminable than that of other parts of the body. To dissociate these two possibilities, we measured people's ability to discriminate the walking direction of stimuli in which individual body parts (feet, hands) were removed or shown in isolation. We then compared human performance to that of a statistically optimal observer (Gold, Tadin, Cook, & Blake,), giving us a measure of humans' discriminative ability independent of the information available (a quantity known as efficiency). We found that efficiency was highest when the hands and the feet were shown in isolation. A series of follow-up experiments suggested that observers were relying on a form-based cue with the isolated hands (specifically, the orientation of their path through space) and a motion-based cue with the isolated feet to achieve such high efficiencies. We relate our findings to previous proposals of a distinction between form-based and motion-based mechanisms in biological-motion perception.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Lange, Joachim;Georg, Karsten;Lappe, Markus
通讯作者：
Lappe, Markus
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Dittrich, WH;Lea, SEG;Gurr, PR
通讯作者：
Gurr, PR
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Atkinson, AP;Dittrich, WH;Young, AW
通讯作者：
Young, AW
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
Gold, J;Bennett, PJ;Sekuler, AB
通讯作者：
Sekuler, AB
DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BENJAMINI, Y;HOCHBERG, Y
通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y