Axonal generation of amyloid-β from palmitoylated APP in mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes.

Axonal generation of amyloid-β from palmitoylated APP in mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109134
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发表时间:
2021-05-18
期刊:
影响因子:
8.8
通讯作者:
Tanzi RE
Tanzi RE
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bhattacharyya R;Black SE;Lotlikar MS;Fenn RH;Jorfi M;Kovacs DM;Tanzi RE

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轴突生成阿尔茨海默病(AD)相关的淀粉样蛋白-β (a β)在AD神经病理学中起关键作用,但其释放的细胞机制仍不明确。我们以前报道过棕榈酰化APP (palAPP)分裂成脂筏,在脂筏中它作为β分泌酶的首选底物。线粒体相关内质网(ER)膜(MAMs)是富含胆固醇的脂筏,在AD中上调。在这里,我们发现通过RNA沉默或对MAM驻留的sigma1受体(S1R)进行药理调节来下调MAM组装会导致palAPP的β分泌酶裂解减弱。MAMs的上调促进palAPP向细胞表面的运输、β分泌酶的裂解和Aβ的生成。我们开发了一种微流体装置,并使用它来证明MAM水平特异性地改变了神经元突和轴突中的a β生成,而不是细胞体中的a β生成。这些数据提示了在AD中减少Aβ轴突释放和减轻β-淀粉样蛋白病理的治疗策略。Bhattacharyya等人表明,通过sigma-1受体对线粒体相关内质网膜(MAMs)的调节,通过细胞表面运输和mam -居住棕榈酰化APP (palAPP)的β分泌酶裂解,调节轴突产生的Aβ。
Axonal generation of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-associated amyloid-β (Aβ) plays a key role in AD neuropathology, but the cellular mechanisms involved in its release have remained elusive. We previously reported that palmitoylated APP (palAPP) partitions to lipid rafts where it serves as a preferred substrate for β-secretase. Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes (MAMs) are cholesterol-rich lipid rafts that are upregulated in AD. Here, we show that downregulating MAM assembly by either RNA silencing or pharmacological modulation of the MAM-resident sigma1 receptor (S1R) leads to attenuated β-secretase cleavage of palAPP. Upregulation of MAMs promotes trafficking of palAPP to the cell surface, β-secretase cleavage, and Aβ generation. We develop a microfluidic device and use it to show that MAM levels alter Aβ generation specifically in neuronal processes and axons, but not in cell bodies. These data suggest therapeutic strategies for reducing axonal release of Aβ and attenuating β-amyloid pathology in AD. Bhattacharyya et al. show that the modulation of mitochondrial-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) via sigma-1 receptor regulates Aβ generation from axons via cell surface trafficking and β-secretase cleavage of MAM-resident palmitoylated APP (palAPP).
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