Polyomavirus Wakes Up and Chooses Neurovirulence.
Polyomavirus Wakes Up and Chooses Neurovirulence.
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DOI：
10.3390/v15102112
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发表时间：
2023-10-18
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lukacher AE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Butic AB;Spencer SA;Shaheen SK;Lukacher AE
JC多瘤病毒(JCPyV)是一种人类特有的多瘤病毒，它在免疫能力强的人的多个外周器官(主要是尿路器官)中建立一种终生沉默的感染。然而，在免疫受损的情况下，JCPyV可以渗透到中枢神经系统(CNS)，在那里它会导致几种高发病率和死亡率的脑病。JCPyV诱导的进行性多灶性白质脑病(PML)是一种毁灭性的脱髓鞘脑病，在抗逆转录病毒治疗之前是一种定义为艾滋病的疾病，现已作为免疫调节和化疗药物的并发症重新出现。目前还没有有效的抗多瘤病毒疗法可用。免疫状态低迷如何为JCPyV在尿路中的卷土重来奠定基础，病毒如何逃避先前存在的抗病毒抗体成为病毒携带者，以及它在哪里/如何进入中枢神经系统尚不完全清楚。解决这些问题需要一个易于处理的JCPyV中枢神经系统感染的动物模型。虽然没有动物模型可以复制任何人类疾病的所有方面，但小鼠的小鼠多瘤病毒(MuPyV)和人类的JCPyV具有外周和中枢神经系统感染和抗病毒免疫的关键特征。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了JCPyV如何从外周迁移到CNS的证据，对多瘤病毒感染的先天和获得性免疫反应，以及MuPyV-小鼠模型如何为JCPyV CNS疾病的发病机制提供深入的认识。
JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is a human-specific polyomavirus that establishes a silent lifelong infection in multiple peripheral organs, predominantly those of the urinary tract, of immunocompetent individuals. In immunocompromised settings, however, JCPyV can infiltrate the central nervous system (CNS), where it causes several encephalopathies of high morbidity and mortality. JCPyV-induced progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a devastating demyelinating brain disease, was an AIDS-defining illness before antiretroviral therapy that has “reemerged” as a complication of immunomodulating and chemotherapeutic agents. No effective anti-polyomavirus therapeutics are currently available. How depressed immune status sets the stage for JCPyV resurgence in the urinary tract, how the virus evades pre-existing antiviral antibodies to become viremic, and where/how it enters the CNS are incompletely understood. Addressing these questions requires a tractable animal model of JCPyV CNS infection. Although no animal model can replicate all aspects of any human disease, mouse polyomavirus (MuPyV) in mice and JCPyV in humans share key features of peripheral and CNS infection and antiviral immunity. In this review, we discuss the evidence suggesting how JCPyV migrates from the periphery to the CNS, innate and adaptive immune responses to polyomavirus infection, and how the MuPyV-mouse model provides insights into the pathogenesis of JCPyV CNS disease.
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影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Abdelbary, Mahmoud;Hobbs, Samuel J.;Gibbs, James S.;Yewdell, Jonathan W.;Nolz, Jeffrey C.
通讯作者：
Nolz, Jeffrey C.
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Passerini, Sara;Prezioso, Carla;Prota, Annalisa;Babini, Giulia;Bargiacchi, Lavinia;Bartolini, Daniela;Moens, Ugo;Antonelli, Manila;Pietropaolo, Valeria
通讯作者：
Pietropaolo, Valeria
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Banizs, B;Pike, MM;Yoder, BK
通讯作者：
Yoder, BK
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Bofill-Mas, S;Pina, S;Girones, R
通讯作者：
Girones, R
在接受免疫抑制治疗的多发性硬化症患者中，JC多瘤病毒，病毒血症，血统和microRNA表达的诊断值。
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Prezioso C;Ciotti M;Brazzini G;Piacentini F;Passerini S;Grimaldi A;Landi D;Nicoletti CG;Zingaropoli MA;Iannetta M;Altieri M;Conte A;Limongi D;Marfia GA;Ciardi MR;Mastroianni CM;Palamara AT;Moens U;Pietropaolo V
通讯作者：
Pietropaolo V