On-line processing of wh-questions in children with G-SLI and typically developing children.
On-line processing of wh-questions in children with G-SLI and typically developing children.
复制标题
在线处理 G-SLI 儿童和典型发育儿童的 wh 问题。
DOI：
10.1080/13682820601058190
复制
发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
H. V. D. van der Lely
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Marinis;H. V. D. van der Lely
背景
计算语法复杂性(CGC)假说认为，具有G(语法)特异性语言障碍(SLI)的儿童在计算系统中存在领域特异性缺陷，影响涉及移动的句法依赖。这种句法依赖的一种类型是填充符-缺口依赖。相比之下，广义减速假说声称SLI儿童存在影响处理速度和能力的全局性缺陷。
目标
为了检验对SLI的对比描述，我们研究了wh-疑问句中句法(填充词-缺口)依赖的处理。
方法和程序
采用跨通道图片启动范式对14名10岁、2-17岁、2名G-SLI儿童、14名年龄匹配的儿童和17名词汇匹配的对照儿童进行了研究。
结果与结果
G-SLI儿童的加工速度显著慢于年龄控制儿童，但年龄较小的词汇控制儿童没有。G-SLI儿童和词汇控制组在记忆广度上没有差异。然而，发育中的典型儿童和G-SLI儿童表现出本质上不同的加工模式。年龄和词汇量控制在空白处启动，表明他们通过句法填充-空白点依赖来处理wh-问题。相比之下，G-SLI儿童只在动词上表现出启动。
结论
研究结果表明，G-SLI儿童不能可靠地建立句法填空依赖关系，而是通过词汇-主题信息来解释wh-问题。这些数据挑战了广义减速假说的解释，但支持CGC假说，根据CGC假说，G-SLI儿童在计算系统中有一个特殊的缺陷，影响了涉及移动的句法依赖。由于有效的补救通常依赖于病因学的洞察，发现句法缺陷的性质，以及可能的补偿性使用语义来促进句子处理，可以用来指导治疗。然而，将要使用的治疗策略，以及语言系统中类似的优点和缺点是否在其他SLI亚组中发现，都是值得进一步研究的经验性问题。
BACKGROUND
The computational grammatical complexity (CGC) hypothesis claims that children with G(rammatical)-specific language impairment (SLI) have a domain-specific deficit in the computational system affecting syntactic dependencies involving 'movement'. One type of such syntactic dependencies is filler-gap dependencies. In contrast, the Generalized Slowing Hypothesis claims that SLI children have a domain-general deficit affecting processing speed and capacity.
AIMS
To test contrasting accounts of SLI we investigate processing of syntactic (filler-gap) dependencies in wh-questions.
METHODS & PROCEDURES
Fourteen 10;2-17;2 G-SLI children, 14 age-matched and 17 vocabulary-matched controls were studied using the cross-modal picture-priming paradigm.
OUTCOMES & RESULTS
G-SLI children's processing speed was significantly slower than the age controls, but not younger vocabulary controls. The G-SLI children and vocabulary controls did not differ on memory span. However, the typically developing and G-SLI children showed a qualitatively different processing pattern. The age and vocabulary controls showed priming at the gap, indicating that they process wh-questions through syntactic filler-gap dependencies. In contrast, G-SLI children showed priming only at the verb.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings indicate that G-SLI children fail to establish reliably a syntactic filler-gap dependency and instead interpret wh-questions via lexical-thematic information. These data challenge the Generalized Slowing Hypothesis account, but support the CGC hypothesis, according to which G-SLI children have a particular deficit in the computational system affecting syntactic dependencies involving 'movement'. As effective remediation often depends on aetiological insight, the discovery of the nature of the syntactic deficit, along side a possible compensatory use of semantics to facilitate sentence processing, can be used to direct therapy. However, the therapeutic strategy to be used, and whether such similar strengths and weaknesses within the language system are found in other SLI subgroups are empirical issues that warrant further research.
有特定语言障碍的儿童习得不规则的过去时态。
DOI：
10.1044/jslhr.4305.1126
发表时间：
2000
期刊：
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
影响因子：
--
作者：
Rice,ML;Wexler,K;Marquis,J;Hershberger,S
通讯作者：
Hershberger,S
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Cycowicz, YM;Friedman, D;Snodgrass, JG
通讯作者：
Snodgrass, JG