Are All Hosts Created Equal? Partitioning Host Species Contributions to Parasite Persistence in Multihost Communities.
Are All Hosts Created Equal? Partitioning Host Species Contributions to Parasite Persistence in Multihost Communities.
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DOI：
10.1086/683173
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发表时间：
2015-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pedersen AB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fenton A;Streicker DG;Petchey OL;Pedersen AB
许多寄生虫在多个宿主物种的群落中流行。要了解这些社区内的疾病持续性，必须了解每个宿主物种对寄生虫传播和维持的贡献。然而，量化这些贡献具有挑战性。我们提出了一个概念框架分类多主机共享，寄生虫持久性的关键阈值的基础上。然后，我们开发了一种通用的技术来量化每个物种对寄生虫持久性的贡献，允许自然系统位于框架内。我们说明了这种方法使用的啮齿动物群落内循环的胃肠道寄生虫的数据，并表明，虽然许多寄生虫感染几个宿主物种，寄生虫的持久性往往是由一个宿主物种。然而，在某些情况下，寄生虫需要多种宿主物种来维持。我们的方法提供了一种定量的方法来区分这些情况下，使用最小的依赖系统特定的参数，使知情的决策寄生虫管理知之甚少的多宿主社区。
Many parasites circulate endemically within communities of multiple host species. To understand disease persistence within these communities it is essential to know the contribution each host species makes to parasite transmission and maintenance. However, quantifying those contributions is challenging. We present a conceptual framework for classifying multi-host sharing, based on key thresholds for parasite persistence. We then develop a generalised technique to quantify each species' contribution to parasite persistence, allowing natural systems to be located within the framework. We illustrate this approach using data on gastrointestinal parasites circulating within rodent communities and show that, although many parasites infect several host species, parasite persistence is often driven by just one host species. In some cases, however, parasites require multiple host species for maintenance. Our approach provides a quantitative method for differentiating these cases using minimal reliance on system-specific parameters, enabling informed decisions about parasite management within poorly understood multi-host communities.
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