Transmission dynamics of Schistosoma japonicum in the lakes and marshlands of China.
Transmission dynamics of Schistosoma japonicum in the lakes and marshlands of China.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0004058
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
McManus DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gray DJ;Williams GM;Li Y;McManus DP
日本血吸虫是中国的一个主要公共卫生问题，有100多万人感染，另有4000万人生活在感染风险地区。与曼氏血吸虫和血血吸虫引起的疾病不同，日本血吸虫病是一种人畜共患病，涉及许多不同的哺乳动物物种作为宿主。由于来自中国的一些已发表的报告，长期以来人们一直认为牛，特别是水牛，在那里的人类日本血吸虫传播中起着主要作用。在江西省鄱阳湖周围进行的一项基于药物的干预研究（1998-2003年）提供了概念证明，水牛确实是该环境下人类感染的主要宿主。在这项研究中，我们结合最近获得的流行病学信息，对中国南方洞庭湖（湖南）和鄱阳湖（江西）3个村庄的6种不同流行情景下的日本血吸虫稳态传播以及水牛传播的消除对人类感染率的影响进行了建模。在所有情况下都得到了类似的结果。稳态日本血吸虫感染率保持不变，预计人类流行率和发病率将随着时间的推移大幅下降。该模型表明，水牛传播对人类感染的贡献率在39.1% ~ 99.1%之间，并预测去除水牛传播将使血吸虫的繁殖率降至1以下。这表明，如果没有水牛的贡献，日本血吸虫的传播就会中断，而且是不可持续的。这些情景可推广到中国湖泊和沼泽地区的其他流行村庄，那里发生了类似的蜗牛感染和人牛感染/再感染循环。连同以前的流行病学数据，我们的发现有力地支持水牛是影响中国湖泊和沼泽地区人类传播周期的重要组成部分，这一特征似乎与菲律宾的普遍情况不同，菲律宾的情况不那么明显。我们的结论强调了去除、替换或处理水牛的基本原理，以及开发和部署针对这种情况的日本血吸虫传播阻断水牛疫苗以实现传播控制的目标。中国政府最近启动了一项新的综合国家战略，通过减少牛和人类作为血吸虫感染钉螺的来源，改进现有的控制湖泊和沼泽地区血吸虫病的方法。
Schistosoma japonicum is a major public health concern in China, with over one million people infected and another 40 million living in areas at risk of infection. Unlike the disease caused by S. mansoni and S. haematobium, schistosomiasis japonica is a zoonosis, involving a number of different mammalian species as reservoir hosts. As a result of a number of published reports from China, it has long been considered that bovines, particularly water buffaloes, play a major role in human S. japonicum transmission there, and a drug-based intervention study (1998–2003) around the Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province provided proof of concept that water buffaloes are, indeed, major reservoirs of human infection in this setting. In this study we incorporated recently obtained epidemiological information to model the steady-state S. japonicum transmission as well as the impact of the removal of S. japonicum transmission attributable to water buffaloes on human infection rates across six different endemic scenarios within three villages in the Dongting (Hunan) and Poyang (Jiangxi) lakes of southern China. Similar results were obtained for all scenarios. Steady-state S. japonicum infection rates remained constant and human prevalence and incidence were predicted to fall considerably over time. The model showed that the contribution of S. japonicum water buffalo transmission to human infection ranged from 39.1% to 99.1% and predicted that the removal of water buffalo transmission would reduce parasite reproductive rates below 1. This indicates that without the contribution of water buffaloes, S. japonicum transmission is interrupted and unsustainable. These scenarios are generalizable to other endemic villages in the lake and marshland areas of China where a similar cycle of snail infection and infection/reinfection of humans and bovines occurs. Along with previous epidemiological data, our findings strongly support water buffaloes as an important component of the transmission cycle that affects humans in the lake and marshlands region of China, a feature which appears to differ from the situation prevalent in the Philippines where their contribution is less pronounced. Our conclusions underscore the rationale for removal, replacement or treatment of water buffaloes, and for the development and deployment of a transmission blocking buffalo vaccine against S. japonicum for this setting to achieve the goal of transmission control. The Chinese Government has recently commenced a new integrated national strategy to improve on existing approaches to control schistosomiasis in the lake and marshlands region by reducing bovines and humans as a source of S. japonicum infection to Oncomelania snails.
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DOI：
10.2471/blt.06.034033
发表时间：
2007-07-01
期刊：
Bulletin of the World Health Organization: International Journal of Public Health
影响因子：
--
作者：
Balen, Julie;Zhao, Zheng-Yuan;Li, Yue-Sheng
通讯作者：
Li, Yue-Sheng
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Minggang, Chen;Zheng, Feng
通讯作者：
Zheng, Feng
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
van der Werf, MJ;de Vlas, SJ;Engels, D
通讯作者：
Engels, D
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Finkelstein JL;Schleinitz MD;Carabin H;McGarvey ST
通讯作者：
McGarvey ST
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Fernandez, T. J., Jr.;Tarafder, M. R.;Carabin, H.
通讯作者：
Carabin, H.