A strategy for complete telomere-to-telomere assembly of ciliate macronuclear genome using ultra-high coverage Nanopore data.

A strategy for complete telomere-to-telomere assembly of ciliate macronuclear genome using ultra-high coverage Nanopore data.
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使用超高覆盖度纳米孔数据完成纤毛虫大核基因组端粒到端粒组装的策略

DOI:
10.1016/j.csbj.2021.04.007
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
6
通讯作者:
Xiong J
Xiong J
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang G;Wang S;Chai X;Zhang J;Yang W;Jiang C;Chen K;Miao W;Xiong J

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纤毛虫在单个细胞中包含两种细胞核:生殖系微核(MIC)和体大核(MAC)。MAC通常具有片段化的染色体。这些在两端都有端粒的片段化染色体,在不同的纤毛虫物种中,其长度从基因大小到数兆碱基不等。到目前为止,纤毛虫物种中整个MAC基因组的端粒到端粒组装尚未完成。第三代测序技术的发展使得能够产生长度可达数兆碱基的测序读长,这些读长可能跨越整个MAC染色体。利用超长的纳米孔读长,我们建立了一种用于纤毛虫MAC基因组完整组装的简单策略。使用该策略,我们组装了两种纤毛虫物种——嗜热四膜虫和上海四膜虫的完整MAC基因组,分别由181条和214条端粒到端粒的染色体组成。所建立的策略以及高质量的基因组数据将为纤毛虫基因组组装提供一种有用的方法,并为进一步的生物学、进化和群体基因组研究提供有价值的公共资源。
Ciliates contain two kinds of nuclei: the germline micronucleus (MIC) and the somatic macronucleus (MAC) in a single cell. The MAC usually have fragmented chromosomes. These fragmented chromosomes, capped with telomeres at both ends, could be gene size to several megabases in length among different ciliate species. So far, no telomere-to-telomere assembly of entire MAC genome in ciliate species has been finished. Development of the third generation sequencing technologies allows to generate sequencing reads up to megabases in length that could possibly span an entire MAC chromosome. Taking advantage of the ultra-long Nanopore reads, we established a simple strategy for the complete assembly of ciliate MAC genomes. Using this strategy, we assembled the complete MAC genomes of two ciliate species Tetrahymena thermophila and Tetrahymena shanghaiensis, composed of 181 and 214 chromosomes telomere-to-telomere respectively. The established strategy as well as the high-quality genome data will provide a useful approach for ciliate genome assembly, and a valuable community resource for further biological, evolutionary and population genomic studies.
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