On the formation of tide-produced seiches and double high waters in coastal seas

On the formation of tide-produced seiches and double high waters in coastal seas
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近海潮汐海潮和双高潮的形成

DOI:
10.1016/j.ecss.2013.09.014
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发表时间:
2013
期刊:
Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Bowers D
Bowers D
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bowers D

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我们描述了一种机制,潮汐,迫使沿海水体,产生振荡的自然周期的水体-假潮-周围的高水位的时间。假潮表现为潮汐曲线的畸变,在一定条件下,它能产生双高潮。探讨了假潮的形成与数值模拟的海峡,迫使在其开放端的潮汐。当海峡的平均深度与潮差相似时,就会形成波长等于海峡长度两倍的假潮:接近高潮时摩擦力的迅速减少似乎是形成过程的重要组成部分。在北威尔士的一个浅海海峡中心的水位观测证实,有一个高水位周围的阻尼假潮的形式的剩余振荡。假潮的波峰出现在拟合的潮汐曲线的最大值之前,波谷出现在拟合的潮汐曲线的最大值之后。假潮减缓了高潮后的潮汐下降,有一次,在小潮时,潮汐下降被逆转,形成了双重高潮。这一机制迄今尚未确定,可能有助于在其他浅海岸位置形成双高沃茨。
We describe a mechanism by which the tide, forcing a coastal water body, produces an oscillation at the natural period of the water body – a seiche – around the time of high water. The seiche appears as a distortion in the tidal curve which can, under certain conditions, produce a double high water. The formation of the seiche is explored with a numerical simulation of a sea strait, forced by the tide at its open ends. A seiche, of wavelength equal to twice the length of the strait, is formed when the mean depth of the strait is similar to the tidal range: the rapid reduction of friction as high water is approached appears to be an important part of the formation process. Observations of water level in the centre of a shallow sea strait in north Wales confirm that there is a residual oscillation around high water with the form of a damped seiche. The crest of the seiche occurs just before, and the trough just after, the maximum in the fitted tidal curve. The seiche slows the fall of the tide after high water and on one occasion, at neap tides, the fall is reversed and a double high water is formed. It is possible that this mechanism, hitherto unidentified, contributes to the formation of double high waters in other shallow coastal locations.
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