Dynamic peptides of human TPP1 fulfill diverse functions in telomere maintenance.

Dynamic peptides of human TPP1 fulfill diverse functions in telomere maintenance.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkw846
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发表时间:
2016-12-01
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Taylor DJ
Taylor DJ
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rajavel M;Orban T;Xu M;Hernandez-Sanchez W;de la Fuente M;Palczewski K;Taylor DJ

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端粒是一种特殊的核蛋白复合物,它包含线性染色体的末端。人类端粒以短的单链DNA(ssDNA)突出端结束,该突出端被两种端粒蛋白POT 1和TPP 1识别和结合。尽管POT 1直接结合端粒ssDNA,但其与TPP 1的相互作用对于POT 1定位于端粒是必需的。TPP 1还提供增强的结合和序列区分,其仅与端粒ssDNA调节POT 1-TPP 1相互作用。最后,TPP 1将负责合成端粒DNA的端粒酶招募到端粒。虽然TPP 1的寡糖-寡核苷酸-结合(OB)-折叠结构域已经通过X射线晶体学解决,但是POT 1-TPP 1-ssDNA三元复合物内的分子相互作用和有助于其多样化功能的构象变化仍然不明确。我们采用氢/氘交换结合质谱法,以确定三个肽,所有居住在OB倍的TPP 1,表现出改变后的复合物形成或ssDNA结合的交换率。这些区域的突变与功能测定相结合,揭示了每个部分在蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用、调节端粒酶活性或DNA结合中的不同贡献。总之,这些功能数据结合生物物理学分析和同源性建模提供了一个分子的理解不同的贡献TPP 1端粒维护。
Telomeres are specialized nucleoprotein complexes that comprise the ends of linear chromosomes. Human telomeres end in a short, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) overhang that is recognized and bound by two telomere proteins, POT1 and TPP1. Whereas POT1 binds directly to telomere ssDNA, its interaction with TPP1 is essential for localization of POT1 to the telomere. TPP1 also provides enhanced binding and sequence discrimination that regulates POT1-TPP1 interactions exclusively with telomere ssDNA. Finally, TPP1 recruits telomerase, the enzyme responsible for synthesis of telomere DNA, to the telomere. While the oligosaccharide–oligonucleotide-binding (OB)-fold domain of TPP1 has been solved by X-ray crystallography, the molecular interactions within the POT1-TPP1-ssDNA ternary complex and the conformational changes that contribute to its diverse functions remain ambiguous. We employed hydrogen/deuterium exchange combined with mass spectrometry to identify three peptides, all residing within the OB-fold of TPP1, that exhibit altered exchange rates upon complex formation or ssDNA binding. Mutation of these regions combined with functional assays revealed the diverse contributions of each moiety in protein–protein interactions, regulating telomerase activity or DNA-binding. Together, these functional data combined with biophysical analyses and homology modeling provide a molecular understanding of the diverse contributions of TPP1 in telomere maintenance.
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