Patterned Villagescapes and Road Networks in Ancient Southwestern Amazonia

Patterned Villagescapes and Road Networks in Ancient Southwestern Amazonia
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古代亚马逊流域西南部的图案村庄景观和道路网络

DOI:
10.1017/laq.2020.79
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
0.9
通讯作者:
Saunaluoma S
Saunaluoma S
中科院分区:
地球科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Saunaluoma S

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我们最近使用遥感图像和无人机调查收集的数据揭示了巴西阿卡州考古广场村庄在规模、布局、年代和物质文化方面极其明确的模式。这些村庄由围绕中心广场排列的各种土丘和从这些地点向外辐射或汇聚的道路组成。这些道路连接着阿卡东部彼此相距 2 至 10 公里的村庄。我们的研究证明,在前殖民时期晚期,存在着大量定居的河流间人口,它们具有相同的社会文化身份,以及与有效道路网络相关的结构化运动模式和空间规划。阿卡的广场村庄与上辛古和亚诺斯德莫霍斯地区的道路网络组织的有据可查的社区相似。考虑到民族历史和民族志证据,以及亚马逊南缘沿线类似考古遗址和土方特征的存在,我们认为阿卡的广场村庄通过区域间道路网与亚马逊南部边缘的其他邻近领土相连,沿着道路的移动是亚马逊河流域人类交通的主要方式。
Our recent data, collected using remotely sensed imagery and unmanned aerial vehicle surveys, reveal the extremely well-defined patterning of archaeological plaza villages in the Brazilian Acre state in terms of size, layout, chronology, and material culture. The villages comprise various earthen mounds arranged around central plazas and roads that radiate outward from, or converge on, the sites. The roads connected the villages situated 2–10 km from each other in eastern Acre. Our study attests to the existence of large, sedentary, interfluvial populations sharing the same sociocultural identities, as well as structured patterns of movement and spatial planning in relation to operative road networks during the late precolonial period. The plaza villages of Acre show similarity with the well-documented communities organized by road networks in the regions of the Upper Xingu and Llanos de Mojos. Taking into consideration ethnohistorical and ethnographic evidence, as well as the presence of comparable archaeological sites and earthwork features along the southern margin of Amazonia, we suggest that the plaza villages of Acre were linked by an interregional road network to other neighboring territories situated along the southern Amazonian rim and that movement along roads was the primary mode of human transport in Amazonian interfluves.
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