Patterns and predictors of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Patterns and predictors of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.02.006
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发表时间：
2010-07
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Hartmann, Katherine E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hasan, Reem;Baird, Donna D.;Herring, Amy H.;Olshan, Andrew F.;Funk, Michele L. Jonsson;Hartmann, Katherine E.
尽管妊娠早期阴道出血是一种令人担忧的症状，但很少有研究调查了早期出血的患病率和预测因素。这项研究的特点是早期妊娠出血，撇开出血发生在流产的时间。参与者（n=4539）是18-45岁的妇女，她们参加了一项基于社区的怀孕研究（2000-2008）。出血信息包括出血的时间、严重程度、持续时间、颜色和相关疼痛，以及随后妊娠的复发风险。生命表分析用于描述出血的妊娠时间。使用多元逻辑回归调查与出血相关的因素，并对缺失数据进行多重代入。大约四分之一的参与者（n=1207）报告出血（n=1656次），但只有8%的出血妇女报告大出血。在点滴和轻度出血发作（n=1555）中，28%与疼痛有关。在重发作（n=100）中，54%伴有疼痛。大多数发作持续时间少于3天，大多数发生在妊娠5-8周之间。12%有出血的妇女和13%没有出血的妇女经历过流产。与出血相关的产妇特征包括肌瘤和既往流产。与出血是胎盘功能障碍的标志的假设一致，出血最可能出现在黄体-胎盘移位的时候。
Although first-trimester vaginal bleeding is an alarming symptom, few studies have investigated the prevalence and predictors of early bleeding. This study characterizes first trimester bleeding, setting aside bleeding that occurs at time of miscarriage. Participants (n=4539) were women ages 18–45 enrolled in Right From the Start, a community-based pregnancy study (2000–2008). Bleeding information included timing, heaviness, duration, color, and associated pain, as well as recurrence risk in subsequent pregnancies. Life table analyses were used to describe gestational timing of bleeding. Factors associated with bleeding were investigated using multiple logistic regression, with multiple imputation for missing data. Approximately one-fourth of participants (n=1207) reported bleeding (n=1656 episodes), but only 8% of women with bleeding reported heavy bleeding. Of the spotting and light bleeding episodes (n=1555), 28% were associated with pain. Among heavy episodes (n=100), 54% were associated with pain. Most episodes lasted less than 3 days, and most occurred between gestational weeks 5–8. Twelve percent of women with bleeding and 13% of those without experienced miscarriage. Maternal characteristics associated with bleeding included fibroids and prior miscarriage. Consistent with the hypothesis that bleeding is a marker for placental dysfunction, bleeding is most likely to be seen around the time of the luteal-placental shift.
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影响因子：
2.8
作者：
ANANTH, CV;SAVITZ, DA
通讯作者：
SAVITZ, DA
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Royston, P
通讯作者：
Royston, P
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Hasan R;Baird DD;Herring AH;Olshan AF;Jonsson Funk ML;Hartmann KE
通讯作者：
Hartmann KE
DOI：
10.1016/0301-2115(95)02236-8
发表时间：
1995-12-01
期刊：
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS GYNECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Axelsen, SM;Henriksen, TB;Secher, NJ
通讯作者：
Secher, NJ
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Hasan, Reem;Funk, Michele L. Jonsson;Baird, Donna D.
通讯作者：
Baird, Donna D.