How Botulinum Neurotoxin Light Chain A1 Maintains Stable Association with the Intracellular Neuronal Plasma Membrane.

How Botulinum Neurotoxin Light Chain A1 Maintains Stable Association with the Intracellular Neuronal Plasma Membrane.
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DOI:
10.3390/toxins14120814
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发表时间:
2022-11-22
期刊:
影响因子:
4.2
通讯作者:
Pellett S
Pellett S
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gardner AP;Barbieri JT;Pellett S

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肉毒神经毒素血清型A(BoNT/A)是对人类最有效的蛋白质毒素,并且用作许多神经系统疾病的治疗。BoNT/A包含催化轻链(LC/A)和重链(HC/A),并包括八种亚型(BoNT/A1-/A8)。先前我们显示BoNT/A效力与细胞内质膜上的稳定定位正相关,并且鉴定了负责LC/A1与质膜上的SNAP-25稳定共定位的低同源性结构域(氨基酸268-357),而LC/A3存在于Neuro 2A细胞的胞质溶胶中。在本研究中,经工程化以含有A1 LDH的单个结构元件的胞质LC/A3衍生物(LC/A3 V)的稳态和活体成像显示,称为MLD的59个氨基酸区域(275-334)足以将LC/A3 V从胞质溶胶引导至与SNAP-25共定位的质膜。MLD预测的R1区(α-螺旋,残基275-300)和R2区(环,α-螺旋,环,残基302-334)的信息学和实验验证都有助于LC/A1与SNAP-25在Neuro-2A细胞质膜上稳定共定位的独立步骤。了解这些结构元素如何有助于LC/A1在质膜上的整体关联,可以确定BoNT/A1对高效力的LC贡献的分子基础。
Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) is the most potent protein toxin for humans and is utilized as a therapy for numerous neurologic diseases. BoNT/A comprises a catalytic Light Chain (LC/A) and a Heavy Chain (HC/A) and includes eight subtypes (BoNT/A1-/A8). Previously we showed BoNT/A potency positively correlated with stable localization on the intracellular plasma membrane and identified a low homology domain (amino acids 268–357) responsible for LC/A1 stable co-localization with SNAP-25 on the plasma membrane, while LC/A3 was present in the cytosol of Neuro2A cells. In the present study, steady-state- and live-imaging of a cytosolic LC/A3 derivative (LC/A3V) engineered to contain individual structural elements of the A1 LDH showed that a 59 amino acid region (275–334) termed the MLD was sufficient to direct LC/A3V from the cytosol to the plasma membrane co-localized with SNAP-25. Informatics and experimental validation of the MLD-predicted R1 region (an α-helix, residues 275–300) and R2 region (a loop, α-helix, loop, residues 302–334) both contribute independent steps to the stable co-localization of LC/A1 with SNAP-25 on the plasma membrane of Neuro-2A cells. Understanding how these structural elements contribute to the overall association of LC/A1 on the plasma membrane may identify the molecular basis for the LC contribution of BoNT/A1 to high potency.
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