The Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana Employs Autophagy as a Persistence and Recovery Mechanism during Conidial Dormancy.
The Entomopathogenic Fungus Beauveria bassiana Employs Autophagy as a Persistence and Recovery Mechanism during Conidial Dormancy.
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许多丝状真菌的分生过程是其在自然生态系统中传播和生存的重要机制。然而，分生孢子在环境中持续存在的机制尚不完全清楚。在这里，我们报道了自噬对丝状真菌白僵菌的分生孢子寿命（即生存能力）和活力（如应激反应和毒力）至关重要。具体来说，atg11介导的选择性自噬在总自噬通量中起重要作用，但不是主导作用。此外，还发现天冬氨酸氨基肽酶Ape4参与了休眠期间分生孢子的活力。值得注意的是，Ape4的空泡易位依赖于它与自噬相关蛋白8 （Atg8）的物理相互作用，并与Atg8的自噬作用相关，这是通过一个关键的羧基三肽的截断实验确定的。这些观察结果表明，自噬作为一种亚细胞机制，在环境中休眠时恢复分生孢子。此外，我们还发现了一种新的依赖atg8的液泡水解酶靶向途径，这对分生孢子从长期休眠中退出至关重要。这些新发现提高了我们对丝状真菌自噬在生理生态学中的作用以及选择性自噬的分子机制的认识。
Many filamentous fungi develop a conidiation process as an essential mechanism for their dispersal and survival in natural ecosystems. However, the mechanisms underlying conidial persistence in environments are still not fully understood. Here, we report that autophagy is crucial for conidial lifespans (i.e., viability) and vitality (e.g., stress responses and virulence) in the filamentous mycopathogen Beauveria bassiana. Specifically, Atg11-mediated selective autophagy played an important, but not dominant, role in the total autophagic flux. Furthermore, the aspartyl aminopeptidase Ape4 was found to be involved in conidial vitality during dormancy. Notably, the vacuolar translocation of Ape4 was dependent on its physical interaction with autophagy-related protein 8 (Atg8) and associated with the autophagic role of Atg8, as determined through a truncation assay of a critical carboxyl-tripeptide. These observations revealed that autophagy acted as a subcellular mechanism for conidial recovery during dormancy in environments. In addition, a novel Atg8-dependent targeting route for vacuolar hydrolase was identified, which is essential for conidial exit from a long-term dormancy. These new insights improved our understanding of the roles of autophagy in the physiological ecology of filamentous fungi as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in selective autophagy.
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