Why coronavirus survives longer on impermeable than porous surfaces.
Why coronavirus survives longer on impermeable than porous surfaces.
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DOI：
10.1063/5.0037924
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Bhardwaj R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chatterjee S;Murallidharan JS;Agrawal A;Bhardwaj R
先前的研究报告称，呼吸道飞沫在不渗透表面上的干燥时间与冠状病毒的存活时间相关，沿着有残留的薄膜。值得注意的是，早期的病毒滴度测量显示，在多孔表面如纸和布上的存活时间比在不可渗透表面上的存活时间短得令人惊讶。以前的研究不能捕捉多孔介质的这一独特方面。我们演示了如何呼吸液滴的质量损失和薄液膜的蒸发机制被修改为多孔介质，这导致冠状病毒在这种介质上的更快衰减。虽然扩散限制的蒸发支配的质量损失，从散装液滴的不可渗透的表面，一个更快的毛细吸液过程占主导地位的多孔材料的质量损失。在大量液滴消失后，暴露的固体区域上残留的薄液膜作为病毒存活的介质。然而，薄膜在多孔表面上的蒸发速度比在不可渗透表面上快得多。上述更快的薄膜蒸发归因于接触线与多孔表面上存在的纤维之间的毛细作用引起的液滴扩散以及多孔材料空隙引起的有效润湿面积的改变，这导致薄膜内的分离压力增强，从而加速薄膜蒸发。因此，多孔材料不易受病毒存活的影响。将这些发现与之前的病毒滴度测量结果进行了比较。
Previous studies reported that the drying time of a respiratory droplet on an impermeable surface along with a residual film left on it is correlated with the coronavirus survival time. Notably, earlier virus titer measurements revealed that the survival time is surprisingly less on porous surfaces such as paper and cloth than that on impermeable surfaces. Previous studies could not capture this distinct aspect of the porous media. We demonstrate how the mass loss of a respiratory droplet and the evaporation mechanism of a thin liquid film are modified for the porous media, which leads to a faster decay of the coronavirus on such media. While diffusion-limited evaporation governs the mass loss from the bulk droplet for the impermeable surface, a much faster capillary imbibition process dominates the mass loss for the porous material. After the bulk droplet vanishes, a thin liquid film remaining on the exposed solid area serves as a medium for the virus survival. However, the thin film evaporates much faster on porous surfaces than on impermeable surfaces. The aforesaid faster film evaporation is attributed to droplet spreading due to the capillary action between the contact line and fibers present on the porous surface and the modified effective wetted area due to the voids of porous materials, which leads to an enhanced disjoining pressure within the film, thereby accelerating the film evaporation. Therefore, the porous materials are less susceptible to virus survival. The findings have been compared with the previous virus titer measurements.
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影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Chatterjee, Sanghamitro;Kumar, Manish;Bhardwaj, Rajneesh
通讯作者：
Bhardwaj, Rajneesh
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2018.02.065
发表时间：
2018-07-01
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Kumar, Manish;Bhardwaj, Rajneesh
通讯作者：
Bhardwaj, Rajneesh
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Patil, Nagesh D.;Bange, Prathamesh G.;Sharma, Atul
通讯作者：
Sharma, Atul
DOI：
10.1063/5.0033306
发表时间：
2020-11-01
期刊：
Physics of fluids (Woodbury, N.Y. : 1994)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bhardwaj R;Agrawal A
通讯作者：
Agrawal A
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Das, Saurish;Patel, H. V.;Kuipers, J. A. M.
通讯作者：
Kuipers, J. A. M.