Molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration: emerging roles of microRNAs.

Molecular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration: emerging roles of microRNAs.
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周围神经再生的分子机制:microRNA的新兴作用。

DOI:
10.3389/fphys.2013.00055
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Murashov AK
Murashov AK
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wu D;Murashov AK

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MicroRNA是小的非编码RNA,其通过靶mRNA降解或翻译抑制来抑制基因表达。最近的研究表明,miRNA在神经系统的多种生理和病理过程中发挥重要作用。在这篇综述文章中,我们描述了目前已知的周围神经再生的细胞和分子水平的机制。最近,已经在不同的损伤模型中检测到microRNA表达谱的变化,并且新出现的证据强烈表明,这些变化通过将其生理学从维持结构和支持突触传递转变为再生表型来促进神经元存活。我们回顾了miRNA介导的转录后调控的假定机制,并指出了未来研究的几个领域,以促进我们对靶向miRNA机制如何可用作治疗神经损伤的治疗方法的理解。
MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that suppress gene expression through target mRNA degradation or translation repression. Recent studies suggest that miRNA plays an important role in multiple physiological and pathological processes in the nervous system. In this review article, we described what is currently known about the mechanisms in peripheral nerve regeneration on cellular and molecular levels. Recently, changes in microRNA expression profiles have been detected in different injury models, and emerging evidence strongly indicates that these changes promote neurons to survive by shifting their physiology from maintaining structure and supporting synaptic transmission towards a regenerative phenotype. We reviewed the putative mechanisms involved in miRNA mediated post-transcriptional regulation and pointed out several areas where future research is necessary to advance our understanding of how targeting miRNA machinery can be used as a therapeutic approach for treating nerve injuries.
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