Mnemonic Devices and Memory Schemas
Mnemonic Devices and Memory Schemas
复制标题
助记符设备和内存模式
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4612-4676-3_2
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发表时间：
1987
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
F. Bellezza
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Bellezza
一些心理学家认为记忆术代表了一种“非自然学习”（Jenkins，1971，1974; Neisser，1976，pp. 141-142）。为了回应这些反对意见，我们认为，记忆手段的研究是我们理解人类学习和人类记忆运作的基础。事实上，心理线索的概念，在记忆技术的实施中如此普遍，在记忆图式的运作中起着重要的作用。比较助记符和记忆模式的价值之前已经提到过（Battig & Bellezza，1979; Bellezza，1983 a，1986 a），但没有详细讨论。本章的目的是展示这两种知识结构之间的相似之处，并指出它们之间的一些差异。事实上，与其把记忆术看作是一种不自然的、复杂的学习形式，不如把记忆术看作是一种记忆模式。许多当代记忆理论认为记忆图式是自动支持自然学习的重要记忆结构。本文认为记忆方法比记忆图式简单，但似乎很复杂，因为学习者非常清楚它们的操作。
Mnemonic devices have been considered by some psychologists to represent a form of “unnatural learning” (Jenkins, 1971, 1974; Neisser, 1976, pp. 141–142). In response to these objections, it will be argued here that the study of mnemonic devices is fundamental to our understanding of human learning and the operation of human memory. In fact, the notion of mental cues, so pervasive in the implementation of mnemonic techniques, plays an important role in the operation of memory schemas. The value of comparing mnemonic devices and memory schemas has been mentioned before (Battig & Bellezza, 1979; Bellezza, 1983a, 1986a) but has not been discussed in detail. The purpose of this chapter is to demonstrate the similarities between these two knowledge structures and also to note some of their differences. In fact, instead of considering a mnemonic device as an unnatural and complicated form of learning, the proposal is made that a mnemonic device operates much like a memory schema. Many contemporary theories of memory consider memory schemas as important memory structures that automatically support natural learning. It is proposed here that mnemonic devices are simpler than memory schemas but seem complicated because the learner is very much aware of their operation.
人类的学习和记忆。
影响因子：
24.8
作者：
Johnson,MK;Hasher,L
通讯作者：
Hasher,L