Disentangling the relative importance of T cell responses in COVID-19: leading actors or supporting cast?
Disentangling the relative importance of T cell responses in COVID-19: leading actors or supporting cast?
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DOI：
10.1038/s41577-022-00716-1
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发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
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中科院分区：
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多种疫苗的快速开发为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）感染提供了强有力的保护，这是一项重大成就。现在有令人信服的证据证明中和抗体在保护性免疫中的作用。T细胞可能在原发性SARS-CoV-2感染的消退中发挥作用，并且有一种广泛表达的观点认为T细胞介导的免疫在疫苗介导的保护中也发挥重要作用。在这里，我们讨论了疫苗诱导的T细胞在感染的两个不同阶段中的作用：首先，在暴露后保护免于获得症状性SARS-CoV-2感染;其次，如果感染确实发生，T细胞降低发展严重COVID-19风险的潜力。我们描述了几条证据，反对疫苗诱导的记忆T细胞在预防症状性SARS-CoV-2感染中的直接影响。然而，T细胞免疫在降低感染严重程度方面的作用，特别是在SARS-CoV-2变异感染中的作用，仍有待确定。详细了解T细胞在COVID-19中的作用对于下一代疫苗的设计和开发至关重要。在这里，我们讨论了在确定疫苗诱导的T细胞免疫和COVID-19保护之间的因果关系方面的挑战，并提出了一种方法来收集必要的证据，以澄清疫苗诱导的T细胞记忆在保护免受严重COVID-19中的任何作用。了解T细胞在SARS-CoV-2感染中的作用对于设计下一代疫苗具有重要意义。在这一观点中，Davenport及其同事讨论了确定疫苗诱导的T细胞免疫与COVID-19保护之间因果关系的挑战。
The rapid development of multiple vaccines providing strong protection from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been a major achievement. There is now compelling evidence for the role of neutralizing antibodies in protective immunity. T cells may play a role in resolution of primary SARS-CoV-2 infection, and there is a widely expressed view that T cell-mediated immunity also plays an important role in vaccine-mediated protection. Here we discuss the role of vaccine-induced T cells in two distinct stages of infection: firstly, in protection from acquisition of symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection following exposure; secondly, if infection does occur, the potential for T cells to reduce the risk of developing severe COVID-19. We describe several lines of evidence that argue against a direct impact of vaccine-induced memory T cells in preventing symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the contribution of T cell immunity in reducing the severity of infection, particularly in infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants, remains to be determined. A detailed understanding of the role of T cells in COVID-19 is critical for next-generation vaccine design and development. Here we discuss the challenges in determining a causal relationship between vaccine-induced T cell immunity and protection from COVID-19 and propose an approach to gather the necessary evidence to clarify any role for vaccine-induced T cell memory in protection from severe COVID-19. Understanding of the role of T cells in SARS-CoV-2 infection is of great importance for the design of next-generation vaccines. In this Perspective, Davenport and colleagues discuss the challenges in determining a causal relationship between vaccine-induced T cell immunity and protection from COVID-19.
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T细胞和抗体动力学描述了介导共证疗法个体中介导长期免疫反应的SARS-COV-2肽。
影响因子：
17.1
作者：
Bilich T;Nelde A;Heitmann JS;Maringer Y;Roerden M;Bauer J;Rieth J;Wacker M;Peter A;Hörber S;Rachfalski D;Märklin M;Stevanović S;Rammensee HG;Salih HR;Walz JS
通讯作者：
Walz JS
DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa2102685
发表时间：
2021-10-07
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dougan M;Nirula A;Azizad M;Mocherla B;Gottlieb RL;Chen P;Hebert C;Perry R;Boscia J;Heller B;Morris J;Crystal C;Igbinadolor A;Huhn G;Cardona J;Shawa I;Kumar P;Adams AC;Van Naarden J;Custer KL;Durante M;Oakley G;Schade AE;Holzer TR;Ebert PJ;Higgs RE;Kallewaard NL;Sabo J;Patel DR;Dabora MC;Klekotka P;Shen L;Skovronsky DM;BLAZE-1 Investigators
通讯作者：
BLAZE-1 Investigators
DOI：
10.1093/cid/ciaa1605
发表时间：
2021-10-05
期刊：
Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Geretti AM;Stockdale AJ;Kelly SH;Cevik M;Collins S;Waters L;Villa G;Docherty A;Harrison EM;Turtle L;Openshaw PJM;Baillie JK;Sabin CA;Semple MG
通讯作者：
Semple MG
影响因子：
82.9
作者：
Gao Y;Cai C;Grifoni A;Müller TR;Niessl J;Olofsson A;Humbert M;Hansson L;Österborg A;Bergman P;Chen P;Olsson A;Sandberg JK;Weiskopf D;Price DA;Ljunggren HG;Karlsson AC;Sette A;Aleman S;Buggert M
通讯作者：
Buggert M
DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa2109072
发表时间：
2021-10-14
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bergwerk M;Gonen T;Lustig Y;Amit S;Lipsitch M;Cohen C;Mandelboim M;Levin EG;Rubin C;Indenbaum V;Tal I;Zavitan M;Zuckerman N;Bar-Chaim A;Kreiss Y;Regev-Yochay G
通讯作者：
Regev-Yochay G