Sediment erosion dynamics of a gullied debris slide: a medium-term record

Sediment erosion dynamics of a gullied debris slide: a medium-term record
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冲沟碎片滑坡的沉积物侵蚀动力学:中期记录

DOI:
10.1016/j.catena.2014.12.018
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
6.2
通讯作者:
Johnson R
Johnson R
中科院分区:
农林科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Johnson R

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中期的事件后沉积物通量调查很少用于水源集水区,尤其很少用于沟壑性山坡破坏区。在英国英格兰湖区(English Lake District)的Wet Swine Gill水源集水区(0.65平方公里),重复实地观察、地面摄影和碎片滑动疤痕的横截面测量,提供了中期(2002-2014年)侵蚀和沉积动态的证据。将这些数据与现场地形和气象条件进行比较,以评估潜在的过程-响应联系。滑坡破坏后不久形成的细沟侵蚀网(2002年2月1日);此后,沟壑扩张迅速进行,首先是垂直向下切割,然后是横向扩张和沟壁角度下降。横截面宽度、深度和面积(2002-2013)的变化具有统计学显著(P = < 0.05)的负指数增长模型(R2=宽度:0.88-0.97;深度:0.71-0.86;面积:0.87-0.93)。沟壁以侵蚀为主,而沟床则以幕式产沙、储沙和转移为特征,往往导致暂时性沉积。沟壁上的比侵蚀速率比相邻滑动疤痕上的比侵蚀速率高764%(最大值=墙:−0.0084;疤痕:−0.0011 m2m−1d−1)。上坡贡献(径流)面积和坡度通常对侵蚀很重要;虽然线性回归分析表明气象条件与沟/疤痕沉积物通量之间的关系较弱或不显著。一个综合了沟壑生长和捕获的滑坡疤痕演化的一般概念模型总结了该地点的活动。然而,与英国高地现有的地形特征、土地管理实践和气候条件不同的地点的可转移性仍有待检验。这项调查增加了人们对水源集水区沉积物动力学复杂性的认识,并为早期管理干预的潜力提供了明确的证据,以对抗有害的失效后沉积物侵蚀;在这个地方,在沟壑形成后的3-4年里,这种方法是最有效的。
Medium-term post-event sediment flux investigations are rare for headwater catchments and particularly sparse for gullied hillslope failures. Repeat field observation, ground photography and cross section measurements of a debris slide scar at the Wet Swine Gill headwater catchment (0.65 km2) in the English Lake District (UK), provide evidence of erosion and deposition dynamics over the medium-term (2002–2014). These data are compared to site topographic and meteorological conditions, to evaluate potential process–response linkages.Rill and gully erosion networks establish soon after the slide failure (1 February 2002); thereafter gully enlargement proceeds rapidly, first by vertical downcutting, prior to lateral expansion and gully wall angle decline. Changes in cross sectional width, depth and area (2002–2013) are characterised by statistically significant (P = < 0.05) negative exponential growth models (R2= width: 0.88–0.97; depth: 0.71–0.86; area: 0.87–0.93). Gully walls were dominated by erosion but the gully bed was characterised by episodic sediment production, storage and transfer often leading to temporary deposition. Specific erosion rates on the gully wall exceeded those on the adjacent slide scar by up to 764% (maximum values = wall: − 0.0084; scar:− 0.0011 m2m− 1d− 1). Upslope contributing (runoff) area and slope gradient are generally important for erosion; although linear regression analysis demonstrates weak or insignificant relationships between meteorological conditions and gully/scar sediment flux. A general conceptual model of slide scar evolution, integrating gully growth and capture, summarises activity at this site. However transferability to locations with terrain characteristics, land management practices and climate conditions different to those existing in the UK uplands remains to be tested. This investigation adds to growing appreciation of the complexities of sediment dynamics in headwater catchments and provides clear evidence for the potential of early management intervention to counter detrimental post-failure sediment erosion; which at this site would have been most effective up to 3–4 years following gully initiation.
过程相互作用、时间尺度和山坡沟壑系统的发展:英格兰西北部Howgill Fells
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