A Drosophila melanogaster model of spinal muscular atrophy reveals a function for SMN in striated muscle.

A Drosophila melanogaster model of spinal muscular atrophy reveals a function for SMN in striated muscle.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.200610053
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发表时间:
2007-03-12
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Matera AG
Matera AG
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rajendra TK;Gonsalvez GB;Walker MP;Shpargel KB;Salz HK;Matera AG

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人类运动神经元存活基因1(SMN 1)突变导致脊髓性肌萎缩(SMA),并与体外小核核糖核蛋白(snRNP)组装缺陷相关。然而,snRNP和SMA之间的病因学联系尚不清楚。我们已经开发了一个果蝇系统模型SMA在体内。幼虫致死的Smn无效突变显示没有可检测的snRNP减少,使得这些动物不太可能死于全球snRNP剥夺。Smn的亚型突变降低了成人胸部的dSMN蛋白水平,导致不能飞行和急性肌肉萎缩。突变飞行肌运动神经元显示明显的轴突路由和树枝化缺陷。此外,Smn突变肌纤维不能形成细丝和Act 88 F中的表型无效突变,Act 88 F是飞行肌特异性肌动蛋白亚型。在野生型肌肉中,dSMN与肌节肌动蛋白共定位,并与α-辅肌动蛋白(细丝交联剂)形成复合物。Smn的肌节定位在小鼠肌原纤维中是保守的。这些观察结果表明SMN具有肌肉特异性功能,并强调了该组织在调节SMA严重程度方面的重要性。
Mutations in human survival motor neurons 1 (SMN1) cause spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and are associated with defects in assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs) in vitro. However, the etiological link between snRNPs and SMA is unclear. We have developed a Drosophila melanogaster system to model SMA in vivo. Larval-lethal Smn-null mutations show no detectable snRNP reduction, making it unlikely that these animals die from global snRNP deprivation. Hypomorphic mutations in Smn reduce dSMN protein levels in the adult thorax, causing flightlessness and acute muscular atrophy. Mutant flight muscle motoneurons display pronounced axon routing and arborization defects. Moreover, Smn mutant myofibers fail to form thin filaments and phenocopy null mutations in Act88F, which is the flight muscle–specific actin isoform. In wild-type muscles, dSMN colocalizes with sarcomeric actin and forms a complex with α-actinin, the thin filament crosslinker. The sarcomeric localization of Smn is conserved in mouse myofibrils. These observations suggest a muscle-specific function for SMN and underline the importance of this tissue in modulating SMA severity.
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