Impact of Interaction Context on the Student Affect-Learning Relationship in Child-Robot Interaction

Impact of Interaction Context on the Student Affect-Learning Relationship in Child-Robot Interaction
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儿童与机器人交互中交互情境对学生情感-学习关系的影响

DOI:
10.1145/3319502.3374822
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Breazeal, Cynthia
Breazeal, Cynthia
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen, Huili;Park, Hae Won;Zhang, Xiajie;Breazeal, Cynthia

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以往在情感感知教育机器人方面的工作通常依赖于一个共同的信念,即学生情感和学习之间的关系在整个学生-机器人交互过程中独立于主体行为(儿童/机器人的)或单向的(积极/消极,但不是两者)。我们认为,学生的情感-学习关系应该在两个语境中进行解释:(1)社会学习范式;(2)儿童-机器人互动中的子事件。在我们的论文中,我们研究了两种不同的社会学习范式,在这两种范式中,孩子们与充当导师或辅导者的机器人互动。儿童-机器人交互内的子事件被定义为在交互的特定阶段(例如,当儿童/机器人得到错误答案时)发生的与任务相关的事件。我们在宏观级别(整个交互)和微观级别(在特定子事件内)检验子事件。本文对儿童面部情感与词汇学习进行了深入的相关分析。我们发现,当孩子们与没有支撑他们学习的助教机器人互动时,孩子们的情感展示对他们的词汇学习变得更具预测性。此外,与宏观事件相比,儿童在微观事件中表现出的情感对他们的学习具有更强的预测性。最后,我们发现情感-学习关系不是单向的,而是受情境的调节,即在一些子事件中表现出来的几种情感状态促进了学生的学习,而在另一些子事件中表现出来的情感状态抑制了学生的学习。这些发现表明,社会学习范式和互动中的子事件都调节了学生的情感-学习关系。
Prior work in affect-aware educational robots has often relied on a common belief that the relationship between student affect and learning is independent of agent behaviors (child's/robot's) or unidirectional (positive/negative but not both) throughout the entire student-robot interaction. We argue that the student affect-learning relationship should be interpreted in two contexts: (1) social learning paradigm and (2) sub-events within child-robot interaction. In our paper, we examine two different social learning paradigms where children interact with a robot that acts either as a tutor or a tutee. Sub-events within child-robot interaction are defined as task-related events occurring in specific phases of an interaction (e.g., when the child/robot gets a wrong answer). We examine sub-events at a macro level (entire interaction) and a micro level (within specific sub-events). In this paper, we provide an in-depth correlation analysis of children's facial affect and vocabulary learning. We found that children's affective displays became more predictive of their vocabulary learning when children interacted with a tutee robot who did not scaffold their learning. Additionally, children's affect displayed during micro-level events was more predictive of their learning than during macro-level events. Last, we found that the affect-learning relationship is not unidirectional, but rather is modulated by context, i.e., several affective states facilitated student learning when displayed in some sub-events but inhibited learning when displayed in others. These findings indicate that both social learning paradigm and sub-events within interaction modulate student affect-learning relationship.
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