Regulation of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron during stress.
Regulation of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuron during stress.
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DOI：
10.1111/jne.13098
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发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Breen, Kellie M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCosh, Richard B.;O'Bryne, Kevin T.;Karsch, Fred J.;Breen, Kellie M.
近 100 年来，压力对生殖和性腺功能的影响一直吸引着研究人员。 50 年前发现 GnRH 后，出现了一个专门研究压力如何损害控制下游垂体和性腺功能的中央节点的研究领域。现在已经清楚，男性和女性的间歇性 GnRH 分泌以及女性的 GnRH 分泌激增，在各种压力类型下都会受到抑制。我们对许多与压力相关的信号分子及其在压力期间损害生殖神经内分泌活动的能力的理解已经取得了相当大的进步。最近，人们的注意力转向了压力对两个 Kisspeptin 神经元群体的影响——GnRH 神经元的刺激性传入，调节脉动型和浪涌型促性腺激素的分泌。事实上，未来的工作仍然需要充分构建压力直接或间接影响 GnRH 神经元功能的神经解剖学框架。本综述的目的是评估和综合证据，证明压力相关信号分子直接作用于 GnRH 神经元。在这里，我们回顾了支持和反对少数信号分子作为 GnRH 神经元功能抑制剂的作用的证据，包括促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素、尿皮质素、去甲肾上腺素、皮质醇/皮质酮、降钙素基因相关肽和精氨酸-苯丙氨酸-酰胺相关肽-3。
The effect of stress on reproduction and gonadal function has captivated investigators for nearly 100 years. Following the identification of GnRH 50 years ago, a niche research field emerged fixated on how stress impairs this central node controlling downstream pituitary and gonadal function. It is now clear that both episodic GnRH secretion in males and females, and surge GnRH secretion in females, are inhibited during a variety of stress types. There has been considerable advancement in our understanding of numerous stress-related signaling molecules and their ability to impair reproductive neuroendocrine activity during stress. Recently, much attention has turned to the effects of stress on two populations of kisspeptin neurons—the stimulatory afferents to GnRH neurons that regulate pulsatile and surge-type gonadotropin secretion. Indeed, future work is still required to fully construct the neuroanatomical framework underlying stress effects, directly or indirectly, on GnRH neuron function. The objective of this review is to evaluate and synthesize evidence that stress-related signaling molecules act directly on GnRH neurons. Here, we review the evidence for and against the action of a handful of signaling molecules as inhibitors of GnRH neuron function, including corticotropin-releasing hormone, urocortins, norepinephrine, cortisol/corticosterone, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and arginine-phenylalanine-amide-related peptide-3.
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