Reversible Inactivation of Ferret Auditory Cortex Impairs Spatial and Nonspatial Hearing.
Reversible Inactivation of Ferret Auditory Cortex Impairs Spatial and Nonspatial Hearing.
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DOI：
10.1523/jneurosci.1426-22.2022
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发表时间：
2023-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
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听觉神经科学中的一个关键问题是，大脑区域在多大程度上专门用于处理特定的声音特征，如位置和身份。在听觉皮层中，神经活动与声音之间的相关性既支持不同皮层亚区的特化，也支持在单个皮层区域内对多种声音特征的编码。然而，很少有研究测试听觉皮层在多种情境下对听力的贡献。在此，我们通过在行为过程中使用冷却（2只雌性）或光遗传学（1只雌性）可逆性地使中外薛氏回失活，来确定雪貂初级听觉皮层在空间和非空间听力中的作用。光遗传学实验利用mDLx启动子在γ-氨基丁酸能中间神经元中表达视紫红质通道蛋白2，我们确认了病毒表达（2只雌性）以及在麻醉状态下使用神经像素记录的听觉皮层中尖峰活动的光驱动抑制（来自另外2只未经训练的雌性雪貂的465个单位）。通过冷却或光遗传学使皮层失活会损害在同位置噪声中的元音辨别能力。植入冷却环的雪貂在其他条件下接受测试，结果显示在干净条件下识别元音没有缺陷，或者当时间上重合的元音和噪声在空间上相隔180度时也没有缺陷。然而，当使与在噪声中元音辨别有关的同一听觉皮层区域失活时，这些动物确实表现出声音定位能力受损。我们的结果表明，作为一个对声音的空间和非空间特征表现出混合选择性的大脑区域，初级听觉皮层对多种形式的听力有贡献。
A key question in auditory neuroscience is to what extent are brain regions functionally specialized for processing specific sound features such as location and identity. In auditory cortex, correlations between neural activity and sounds support both the specialization of distinct cortical subfields, and encoding of multiple sound features within individual cortical areas. However, few studies have tested the contribution of auditory cortex to hearing in multiple contexts. Here we determined the role of ferret primary auditory cortex in both spatial and non-spatial hearing by reversibly inactivating the middle ectosylvian gyrus during behavior using cooling (n=2 females) or optogenetics (n=1 female). Optogenetic experiments utilized the mDLx promoter to express Channelrhodopsin2 in GABAergic interneurons and we confirmed both viral expression (n=2 females) and light-driven suppression of spiking activity in auditory cortex, recorded using Neuropixels under anesthesia (n=465 units from 2 additional untrained female ferrets). Cortical inactivation via cooling or optogenetics impaired vowel discrimination in co-located noise. Ferrets implanted with cooling loops were tested in additional conditions that revealed no deficits for identifying vowels in clean conditions, or when the temporally coincident vowel and noise were spatially separated by 180 degrees. These animals did however show impaired sound localization when inactivating the same auditory cortical region implicated in vowel discrimination in noise. Our results demonstrate that, as a brain region showing mixed selectivity for spatial and non-spatial features of sound, primary auditory cortex contributes to multiple forms of hearing.
DOI：
10.1121/1.4916690
发表时间：
2015-05
期刊：
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
影响因子：
--
作者：
Town SM;Atilgan H;Wood KC;Bizley JK
通讯作者：
Bizley JK
影响因子：
3
作者：
O'Connor KN;Yin P;Petkov CI;Sutter ML
通讯作者：
Sutter ML