Mammalian metabolism of β-carotene: gaps in knowledge.
Mammalian metabolism of β-carotene: gaps in knowledge.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu5124849
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发表时间：
2013-11-27
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Quadro L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shete V;Quadro L
β-胡萝卜素是人体膳食和组织中含量最丰富的维生素A原类胡萝卜素。它在包括人类在内的哺乳动物中发挥了许多有益的功能，这是由于它能够产生维生素A以及其代谢物的重要信号功能。尽管β-胡萝卜素由于其高度调节的肠道吸收而通常被认为是维生素A的一种更安全的形式，但至少在特定情况下，它的摄入也会产生有害影响。仍然需要更好地了解β-胡萝卜素的代谢，以明确区分它可能对人类健康产生有益或有害影响的条件，从而能够制定适合全世界不同人群和人群的饮食建议。在这里，我们提供了这种维生素A前体在哺乳动物中的代谢的一般概述，目的是确定需要立即注意的知识差距。我们强调的主要问题，仍然是有待回答的切割，摄取，细胞外和细胞内运输的β-胡萝卜素，以及之间的相互作用，β-胡萝卜素的代谢和其他宏量营养素，如脂质。
β-carotene is the most abundant provitamin A carotenoid in human diet and tissues. It exerts a number of beneficial functions in mammals, including humans, owing to its ability to generate vitamin A as well as to emerging crucial signaling functions of its metabolites. Even though β-carotene is generally considered a safer form of vitamin A due to its highly regulated intestinal absorption, detrimental effects have also been ascribed to its intake, at least under specific circumstances. A better understanding of the metabolism of β-carotene is still needed to unequivocally discriminate the conditions under which it may exert beneficial or detrimental effects on human health and thus to enable the formulation of dietary recommendations adequate for different groups of individuals and populations worldwide. Here we provide a general overview of the metabolism of this vitamin A precursor in mammals with the aim of identifying the gaps in knowledge that call for immediate attention. We highlight the main questions that remain to be answered in regards to the cleavage, uptake, extracellular and intracellular transport of β-carotene as well as the interactions between the metabolism of β-carotene and that of other macronutrients such as lipids.
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