Being silenced, loneliness and being heard: understanding pathways to intimate partner violence & abuse in young adults. a mixed-methods study.
Being silenced, loneliness and being heard: understanding pathways to intimate partner violence & abuse in young adults. a mixed-methods study.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12889-022-13990-4
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发表时间：
2022-08-17
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Barter, Christine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnes, Maria;Szilassy, Eszter;Herbert, Annie;Heron, Jon;Feder, Gene;Fraser, Abigail;Howe, Laura D.;Barter, Christine
关键词：
国际研究表明，亲密伴侣暴力和虐待（IPVA）作为年轻人的公共卫生问题的重要性和影响。缺乏探索IPVA途径的定性研究。本研究采用定性访谈和纵向队列数据分析的混合方法，探讨IPVA路径的经验。半结构化的采访，以及生活史日历进行了探索17个年轻女性（19-25岁）的经验和看法的途径IPVA在他们的关系。进行了专题分析。基于定性分析中确定的主题，对雅芳父母和儿童纵向研究（ALSPAC）出生队列研究的2127名女性和1145名男性参与者的数据进行定量分析。我们拟合回归模型，以评估儿童虐待，父母家庭暴力和同伴间的相互关系，到12岁，青春期（13-14岁）的孤独感，以及青春期的孤独感与IPVA（18-21岁）的关联。中介分析估计虐待对IPVA的直接影响，以及通过孤独感的间接影响。所有受访妇女在童年时期都至少经历过一种虐待、父母家庭暴力或欺凌。几乎所有人都经历过IPVA，大多数人都经历过多次手术。研究结果显示了一个循环路径：早期创伤导致孤立和孤独、负面标签和通过寻求帮助的负面反应而沉默，导致孤独感增加，并加剧了年轻成年时遭受进一步暴力和虐待的脆弱性。这条道路因交叉性而复杂化。打破这种孤独循环的潜在方法包括倾听和支持，特别是老师。定量分析证实了儿童虐待和青少年时期的孤独感之间的关联，以及青少年时期的孤独感和年轻成人关系中IPVA的经验之间的关联。很可能是负面标签和孤独介导了IPVA的途径，特别是在更弱势的年轻女性中。由于处于不利地位、残疾和族裔，早期虐待对青年人的福祉和自身关系的影响更加严重。参与者的复原力得到了社区的支持。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1186/s12889-022-13990-4获得。
International research shows the significance and impact of intimate partner violence and abuse (IPVA) as a public health issue for young adults. There is a lack of qualitative research exploring pathways to IPVA. The current mixed-methods study used qualitative interviews and analysis of longitudinal cohort data, to explore experiences of pathways to IPVA. Semi-structured Interviews alongside Life History Calendars were undertaken to explore 17 young women’s (19–25 years) experiences and perceptions of pathways to IPVA in their relationships. Thematic analysis was undertaken. Based on themes identified in the qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis was conducted in data from 2127 female and 1145 male participants of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) birth cohort study. We fitted regression models to assess the association of child maltreatment, parental domestic violence, and peer-to-peer victimisation, by age 12, with loneliness during adolescence (ages 13–14), and the association of loneliness during adolescence with IPVA (age 18–21). Mediation analysis estimated the direct effects of maltreatment on IPVA, and indirect effects through loneliness. All women interviewed experienced at least one type of maltreatment, parental domestic violence, or bullying during childhood. Nearly all experienced IPVA and most had been multi-victimised. Findings indicated a circular pathway: early trauma led to isolation and loneliness, negative labelling and being silenced through negative responses to help seeking, leading to increased experiences of loneliness and intensifying vulnerability to further violence and abuse in young adulthood. The pathway was compounded by intersectionality. Potential ways to break this cycle of loneliness included being heard and supported, especially by teachers. Quantitative analysis confirmed an association between child maltreatment and loneliness in adolescence, and an association between loneliness in adolescence and experience of IPVA in young adult relationships. It is likely that negative labelling and loneliness mediate pathways to IPVA, especially among more disadvantaged young women. The impact of early maltreatment on young people’s wellbeing and own relationships is compounded by disadvantage, disability and ethnicity. Participants’ resilience was enabled by support in the community. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-13990-4.
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