There is no Such Thing as Attention.
There is no Such Thing as Attention.
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没有注意力。
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00246
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Anderson B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson B
考虑到注意力研究的核心问题已经被认识了几千年，我们对注意力的了解还不够多。我认为失败的原因是(1)我们制造了虚假的二分法；(2)我们将注意力具体化，将其视为原因，当它是结果时；(3)我们将事实集合等同于理论。为了纠正这些错误，我们需要一种新的技术词汇，允许注意力效应持续分布，而不仅仅是存在或不存在，并为映射到神经基质上的定量行为预测提供基础。贝叶斯决策过程的术语已经被证明对构建其他心理学领域的概念性讨论是有用的，例如在不确定情况下的感知和决策，而且它在注意领域已经取得了初步的成功。通过拒绝一种具体化的、因果的注意力概念，而支持将注意力效应作为结果的理论，心理学家将能够进行更明确的实验。这种概念上的进步将提高神经科学家的生产力，使他们能够将数据收集工作集中在最肥沃的土壤上。
Given that the core issues of attention research have been recognized for millenia, we do not know as much about attention as we should. I argue that the reasons for this failure are (1) we create spurious dichotomies, (2) we reify attention, treating it as a cause, when it is an effect, and (3) we equate a collection of facts with a theory. In order to correct these errors, we need a new technical vocabulary that allows for attentional effects to be continuously distributed, rather than merely present or absent, and that provides a basis for quantitative behavioral predictions that map onto neural substrates. The terminology of the Bayesian decision process has already proved useful for structuring conceptual discussions in other psychological domains, such as perception and decision making under uncertainty, and it had demonstrated early success in the domain of attention. By rejecting a reified, causal conception of attention, in favor of theories that produce attentional effects as consequences, psychologists will be able to conduct more definitive experiments. Such conceptual advances will then enhance the productivity of neuroscientists by allowing them to concentrate their data collection efforts on the richest soil.
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