Genetic variation and aging.

Genetic variation and aging.
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遗传变异和衰老。

DOI:
10.1146/annurev.ge.29.120195.003005
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发表时间:
1995
影响因子:
11.1
通讯作者:
Tatar,M
Tatar,M
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Curtsinger,JW;Fukui,HH;Khazaeli,AA;Kirscher,A;Pletcher,SD;Promislow,DE;Tatar,M

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酵母、线虫、果蝇、小鼠、人类和其他脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的寿命都受到基因修饰的影响。有几个已知的单基因突变体,在酵母和线虫的寿命延长;在其他实验系统的字符是定量处理,一般有一个低到中等的遗传力。果蝇和小杆线虫的寿命对人工选择的响应。目前有许多候选基因正在研究中,包括抗氧化酶和热休克蛋白。衰老的主要进化模式是拮抗多效性和突变积累,这两种模式都没有实质性的实验支持。人口统计学分析技术的结合在老龄化研究中发挥着越来越大的作用。
Life span is subject to genetic modification in yeasts, nematodes, fruit flies, mice, humans, and other vertebrates and invertebrates. There are a few single-gene mutants known that extend life span in yeast and nematodes; in other experimental systems the character is treated quantitatively, and generally has a low to moderate heritability. Life span responds to artificial selection in Drosophila and Caenorhabditis. There are many candidate genes presently under investigation, including the anti-oxidizing enzymes and heat-shock proteins. The main evolutionary models of senescence are antagonistic pleiotropy and mutation accumulation, neither of which has substantial experimental support. The incorporation of analytical techniques from demography is playing an increasing role in research on aging.
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