Genetic Variation in the TAS2R38 Bitter Taste Receptor and Smoking Behaviors.
Genetic Variation in the TAS2R38 Bitter Taste Receptor and Smoking Behaviors.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0164157
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Drayna D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Risso DS;Kozlitina J;Sainz E;Gutierrez J;Wooding S;Getachew B;Luiselli D;Berg CJ;Drayna D
常见的TAS2R38味觉受体基因变体指定了对苯硫脲（PTC）， 6-n-丙基硫脲嘧啶（PROP）和结构相关化合物的味觉能力。烟草烟雾含有结构和功能各异的化学物质的复杂混合物，其中一些物质会激活不同的味觉感受器。因此，有人认为味觉不佳的人更有可能吸烟，因为他们无法品尝烟草烟雾中存在的苦味化合物，但迄今为止的结果相互矛盾。我们研究了三个队列：来自乔治亚州的237名欧洲裔美国人，来自达拉斯心脏研究（DHS）的1353名欧洲裔美国人和2363名非洲裔美国人，以及来自达拉斯生物库的4973名非洲裔美国人。收集烟草使用数据，对所有参与者的TAS2R38多态性进行基因分型，并评估格鲁吉亚人群的PTC味觉敏感性。在乔治亚州的小组中，PTC品尝者在吸烟者中不太常见：71.5%的吸烟者是PTC品尝者，而82.5%的非吸烟者是PTC品尝者（P = 0.03）。吸烟者TAS2R38 PAV味觉单倍型的频率（38.4%）低于非吸烟者（43.1%），但差异无统计学意义（P = 0.31）。在DHS欧洲裔美国人中，品尝者单倍型在吸烟者中较少见（37.0%比44.0%,P = 0.003），相反，非品尝者单倍型在吸烟者中较常见（58.7%比51.5%,P = 0.002）。在达拉斯心脏研究或达拉斯生物银行中，这些单倍型的频率在非裔美国人中没有观察到差异。我们得出结论，TAS2R38单倍型与欧裔美国人的吸烟状况有关，但与非裔美国人无关。PTC味觉状态可能在保护特定人群不吸烟方面发挥作用。
Common TAS2R38 taste receptor gene variants specify the ability to taste phenylthiocarbamide (PTC), 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) and structurally related compounds. Tobacco smoke contains a complex mixture of chemical substances of varying structure and functionality, some of which activate different taste receptors. Accordingly, it has been suggested that non-taster individuals may be more likely to smoke because of their inability to taste bitter compounds present in tobacco smoke, but results to date have been conflicting. We studied three cohorts: 237 European-Americans from the state of Georgia, 1,353 European-Americans and 2,363 African-Americans from the Dallas Heart Study (DHS), and 4,973 African-Americans from the Dallas Biobank. Tobacco use data was collected and TAS2R38 polymorphisms were genotyped for all participants, and PTC taste sensitivity was assessed in the Georgia population. In the Georgia group, PTC tasters were less common among those who smoke: 71.5% of smokers were PTC tasters while 82.5% of non-smokers were PTC tasters (P = 0.03). The frequency of the TAS2R38 PAV taster haplotype showed a trend toward being lower in smokers (38.4%) than in non-smokers (43.1%), although this was not statistically significant (P = 0.31). In the DHS European-Americans, the taster haplotype was less common in smokers (37.0% vs. 44.0% in non-smokers, P = 0.003), and conversely the frequency of the non-taster haplotype was more common in smokers (58.7% vs. 51.5% in non-smokers, P = 0.002). No difference in the frequency of these haplotypes was observed in African Americans in either the Dallas Heart Study or the Dallas Biobank. We conclude that TAS2R38 haplotypes are associated with smoking status in European-Americans but not in African-American populations. PTC taster status may play a role in protecting individuals from cigarette smoking in specific populations.
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