Foamy virus budding and release.

Foamy virus budding and release.
复制标题

泡沫病毒萌芽和释放。

DOI:
10.3390/v5041075
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发表时间:
2013-04-10
期刊:
Viruses
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lindemann D
Lindemann D
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hütter S;Zurnic I;Lindemann D

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与所有其他病毒一样,功能颗粒从受感染细胞中成功流出是泡沫病毒 (FV) 在宿主内传播的先决条件。 FV 的出芽过程涉及其他逆转录病毒所共有的步骤,例如衣壳蛋白通过某些 FV 衣壳蛋白中鉴定的晚期结构域与细胞液泡蛋白分选 (Vps) 机制的组件相互作用。此外,泡沫逆转录病毒的 FV 出芽策略也有一些非常独特的特征。这包括非感染性亚病毒颗粒的分泌以及严格依赖衣壳-糖蛋白相互作用来从细胞中释放感染性病毒粒子。由于 FV 衣壳蛋白缺乏膜靶向信号,因此不可能释放病毒样颗粒。值得注意的是,在实验系统中,可以通过将异源膜靶向信号融合到衣壳蛋白来绕过重要的衣壳-糖蛋白相互作用,从而实现不依赖于糖蛋白的出口。除此之外,还开发了其他系统来实现异源 Env 蛋白包封 FV 衣壳。在这篇综述文章中,我们将总结目前关于 FV 出芽、病毒成分及其相关领域的知识,以及促进 FV 颗粒结构出芽的替代和人工方法,这是改变基于 FV 的基因转移系统的靶组织向性的重要特征。
Like all other viruses, a successful egress of functional particles from infected cells is a prerequisite for foamy virus (FV) spread within the host. The budding process of FVs involves steps, which are shared by other retroviruses, such as interaction of the capsid protein with components of cellular vacuolar protein sorting (Vps) machinery via late domains identified in some FV capsid proteins. Additionally, there are features of the FV budding strategy quite unique to the spumaretroviruses. This includes secretion of non-infectious subviral particles and a strict dependence on capsid-glycoprotein interaction for release of infectious virions from the cells. Virus-like particle release is not possible since FV capsid proteins lack a membrane-targeting signal. It is noteworthy that in experimental systems, the important capsid-glycoprotein interaction could be bypassed by fusing heterologous membrane-targeting signals to the capsid protein, thus enabling glycoprotein-independent egress. Aside from that, other systems have been developed to enable envelopment of FV capsids by heterologous Env proteins. In this review article, we will summarize the current knowledge on FV budding, the viral components and their domains involved as well as alternative and artificial ways to promote budding of FV particle structures, a feature important for alteration of target tissue tropism of FV-based gene transfer systems.
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