Resolving international border disputes: The Irish experience
Resolving international border disputes: The Irish experience
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解决国际边界争端：爱尔兰的经验
DOI：
10.1177/0010836716684881
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
J. Coakley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Coakley
本文探讨了一个特定的模式，规范替代会计的情况下，导致爱尔兰的耶稣受难日协议（1998年），正式和最终解决了长期存在的领土争端之间的爱尔兰和英国（英国）的价值。根据理论文献，它确定了这一过程的三个阶段。首先，从1922年爱尔兰自由邦成立到1972年北方爱尔兰内乱达到顶峰，领土统一主义的规范基本上没有受到挑战。1937年宪法将国家领土定义为覆盖整个爱尔兰岛--包括英国的一部分--北方爱尔兰。第二阶段，大约从1972年到1998年，是一个规范的竞争。领土统一主义的规范受到了北方爱尔兰新的政治现实的严重挑战，并有可能破坏国家本身的稳定。它日益受到另一种“同意”规范的挑战，这种规范实际上包含了地缘政治现状。第三阶段，从1998年开始，是巩固新规范的一个阶段，现在写入爱尔兰宪法，以取代1937年的措辞。文章认为，这种模式在占爱尔兰边境的地位不断变化，发挥了宝贵的作用，但爱尔兰的经验有广泛的形状的模型的影响。
This article explores the value of a specific model of norm replacement in accounting for the circumstances leading to Ireland’s Good Friday agreement (1998), which formally and finally settled the long-running territorial dispute between Ireland and the United Kingdom (UK). Drawing on the theoretical literature, it identifies three phases in this process. First, from the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922 until the civil unrest in Northern Ireland peaked in 1972 the irredentist norm was substantially unchallenged. It was embedded in the 1937 constitution, which defined the national territory as extending over the whole island of Ireland – including Northern Ireland, a part of the UK. The second phase, from about 1972 to 1998, was one of norm competition. The irredentist norm was severely challenged by new political realities in Northern Ireland, and was potentially destabilising for the state itself. It was increasingly challenged by an alternative ‘consent’ norm, one embracing in effect the geopolitical status quo. The third phase, from 1998 onwards, was one of consolidation of the new norm, now written into the Irish constitution to replace the wording of 1937. The article suggests that this model plays a valuable role in accounting for the changing status of the Irish border, but also that the Irish experience has implications for the broad shape of the model.
在单一国家中建立自治：芬兰的阿兰群岛
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Hepburn E
通讯作者：
Hepburn E