Color disparities in cognitive aging among Puerto Ricans on the archipelago.

Color disparities in cognitive aging among Puerto Ricans on the archipelago.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100998
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发表时间:
2022-03
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Dow, William H. H.
Dow, William H. H.
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu, Mao-Mei;Crowe, Michael;Telles, Edward E. E.;Jimenez-Velazquez, Ivonne Z. Z.;Dow, William H. H.

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这项研究旨在为居住在波多黎各的老年人认知老化中的肤色差异和性别提供新的认识。我们使用具有岛屿代表性的波多黎各老年人健康状况 (PREHCO) 纵向研究来衡量基线的认知健康状况和各波之间的认知衰退。在合并模型中,我们在基线认知中几乎没有或没有识别出颜色差异。基线认知的性别分层模型表明,特里格尼奥男性的表现略好于白人男性。相比之下,认知能力下降中的颜色差异是显而易见的。在两波 PREHCO 之间的短短四年内,在 20 分认知测试量表上,波多黎各黑人男性的认知能力下降比白人男性多 0.78 分,而特里格尼奥男性的认知能力下降比波多黎各白人男性多 0.44 分。与白人女性相比,混血女性的认知能力下降要低 0.80 分。几乎所有与认知能力下降相关的肤色/种族似乎都与健康行为和状况、个人人力资本成就和家庭背景无关。虽然地位较低的有色人种群体更频繁地报告歧视,但歧视并不能调节肤色/肤色和认知表现的影响,这表明进一步研究生命历程结构性种族主义更广泛维度的作用的重要性。
This research seeks to contribute new understanding of color disparities and gender in cognitive aging among older adults residing in Puerto Rico. We use the island-representative Puerto Rican Elderly Health Conditions (PREHCO) longitudinal study that measures cognitive health at baseline and cognitive decline between waves. In pooled models, we discern little or no color disparities in cognition at baseline. Sex-stratified models of baseline cognition indicate that Trigueño men slightly outperform white men. In contrast, color disparities in cognitive decline are apparent. In just four years between the two waves of PREHCO, on a 20-point cognitive test scale, Black men experienced 0.78 more points of cognitive decline, while Trigueño men experienced 0.44 more points of cognitive decline than white men in Puerto Rico. Mestiza women experience 0.80 less points of cognitive decline relative to white women. Nearly all of the color/race association with cognitive decline appears to be independent from health behaviors and conditions, individual human capital attainment, and family background. While lower-status color groups more frequently report discrimination, discrimination does not mediate the impact of color/skin tone and cognitive performance, suggesting the importance of further research on the role of broader dimensions of life course structural racism.
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