Influence of turn-taking in a two-person conversation on the gaze of a viewer.
Influence of turn-taking in a two-person conversation on the gaze of a viewer.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0071569
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hari R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hirvenkari L;Ruusuvuori J;Saarinen VM;Kivioja M;Peräkylä A;Hari R
在自然会话中，话轮的最小间隙和重叠表明话轮转换系统的时间安排是准确的。在这里，我们研究了话轮转换如何影响两人谈话中没有参与的观众的凝视。研究人员向受试者展示了一段对话的视频，同时用红外摄像机跟踪他们的眼睛凝视。作为对照，呈现的视频没有声音，声音中有扬声器的静止图像。轮到谈话引导观众的凝视行为；凝视跟随而不是预测，说话人在话轮转换前后的变化。单独呈现的视觉和听觉提示也会导致视线向说话的人移动，尽管比两种方式的提示都可用时要少得多，也晚得多。这些结果表明，话轮转换的组织方式对即使不参与对话的观众的凝视模式也有很大的影响，视觉和听觉线索在一定程度上是引导观众凝视的多余线索。
In natural conversation, the minimal gaps and overlaps of the turns at talk indicate an accurate regulation of the timings of the turn-taking system. Here we studied how the turn-taking affects the gaze of a non-involved viewer of a two-person conversation. The subjects were presented with a video of a conversation while their eye gaze was tracked with an infrared camera. As a control, the video was presented without sound and the sound with still image of the speakers. Turns at talk directed the gaze behaviour of the viewers; the gaze followed, rather than predicted, the speakership change around the turn transition. Both visual and auditory cues presented alone also induced gaze shifts towards the speaking person, although significantly less and later than when the cues of both modalities were available. These results show that the organization of turn-taking has a strong influence on the gaze patterns of even non-involved viewers of the conversation, and that visual and auditory cues are in part redundant in guiding the viewers’ gaze.
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影响因子：
34.7
作者：
Scott, Sophie K.;McGettigan, Carolyn;Eisner, Frank
通讯作者：
Eisner, Frank
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Foulsham, Tom;Cheng, Joey T.;Kingstone, Alan
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影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Richardson, DC;Dale, R
通讯作者：
Dale, R
DOI：
10.1044/1092-4388(2001/012
发表时间：
2001-02-01
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
McFarland, DH
通讯作者：
McFarland, DH
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Chandrasekaran C;Trubanova A;Stillittano S;Caplier A;Ghazanfar AA
通讯作者：
Ghazanfar AA