Submarine pyroclastic deposits formed during the 20th May 2006 dome collapse of the Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat

Submarine pyroclastic deposits formed during the 20th May 2006 dome collapse of the Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat
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2006 年 5 月 20 日蒙特塞拉特苏弗里埃尔山火山圆顶塌陷期间形成的海底火山碎屑沉积物

DOI:
10.1007/s00445-011-0533-5
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发表时间:
2011
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Trofimovs J
Trofimovs J
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Trofimovs J

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2006年5月20日,蒙特塞拉特苏弗里耶尔山火山熔岩穹丘坍塌,非致密岩石当量(非DRE)坍塌总量约为115 × 106 m3。其中的大部分都沉积在海洋中。崩塌非常迅速,85%的流动体积在35分钟内被移除,火山碎屑流的峰值为66 × 103m3s−1。火山海底侧翼的通道和堤坝相以及厚而陡峭的山脊的形成表明,最大和最密集的块体作为高浓度颗粒流向近端输送。淹没体积的30%从该颗粒流的底部沉积,形成从海岸延伸7 km的线性高起伏山脊。其余70%的淹没体积包括较细的粒度,它们被梯度<2°的浊流搬运至少40 km。在几个地方,2006年5月的远端浊流冲上了200 m的地形,并侵蚀了高达20厘米的底层基底。多重浊积岩被保存下来,代表了地堑边缘的电流反射和地形周围的偏转。2006年5月的高能量坍塌导致了比2003年7月苏弗里耶尔山圆顶坍塌(210 × 106m3)更长的潜艇运行时间。
The 20th May 2006 lava dome collapse of the Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, had a total non-dense rock equivalent (non-DRE) collapse volume of approximately 115 × 106m3. The majority of this volume was deposited into the ocean. The collapse was rapid, 85% of the mobilized volume being removed in just 35 min, giving peak pyroclastic flow flux of 66 × 103m3s−1. Channel and levee facies on the submarine flanks of the volcano and formation of a thick, steep-sided ridge, suggest that the largest and most dense blocks were transported proximally as a high concentration granular flow. Of the submerged volume, 30% was deposited from the base of this granular flow, forming a linear, high-relief ridge that extends 7 km from shore. The remaining 70% of the submerged volume comprises the finer grain sizes, which were transported at least 40 km by turbidity currents on gradients of <2°. At several localities, the May 2006 distal turbidity currents ran up 200 m of topography and eroded up to 20 cm of underlying substrate. Multiple turbidites are preserved, representing current reflection from the graben margins and deflection around topography. The high energy of the May 2006 collapse resulted in longer submarine run out than the larger (210 × 106m3) Soufrière Hills dome collapse in July 2003.
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