Yield, profitability, and prospects of irrigated Boro rice cultivation in the North-West region of Bangladesh.
Yield, profitability, and prospects of irrigated Boro rice cultivation in the North-West region of Bangladesh.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0250897
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Islam MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mainuddin M;Alam MM;Maniruzzaman M;Kabir MJ;Mojid MA;Hasan MM;Schmidt EJ;Islam MT
孟加拉国西北（NW）地区是该国农业发展的关键地区，主要生产灌溉稻米。然而，灌溉水、肥料、劳动力和其他投入成本的不断增加，以及水稻实际产量、市场价格和盈利能力的时空变化，给波罗稻种植的可持续性增加了不确定性。在这项研究中，我们利用连续两个季节（2015-16 年和 2016-17 年）从西北地区七个地理位置的 420 个农民田地直接收集的综合田间数据，评估了 Boro 稻生产的生产力、盈利能力和前景。我们还使用蒙特卡罗模拟分析了流行的 Boro 水稻品种的风险和回报交易。结果表明，不同地点、灌溉泵类型和水稻品种之间的水稻产量存在显着差异（p≤0.05），其中杂交稻和 BRRI dhan29 的产量最高（6.0-7.5 吨/公顷）。由于定价体系不同，灌溉水的成本因地点和年份而异，但始终构成最高的投入成本（占总产量的 20-25%）。水稻的总支付成本、总效益和总收入在地点、灌溉泵类型、水稻品种、移栽日期和两熟年份之间存在显着差异（p≤0.05）。观察到的产量和盈利能力的变化揭示了改善水稻生产系统的巨大空间。大米价格的市场波动显着影响了整体盈利能力。概率和风险分析结果表明，Minikit和BRRI dhan29是产量和盈利能力最稳定的品种。杂交水稻作为栽培水稻品种中产量最高的品种，也存在净收入为负的风险。根据分析，我们讨论了提高产量和盈利能力的方法以及该地区博罗稻种植的前景。该研究为政策制定者在西北地区和全国范围内维持灌溉水稻种植提供了宝贵的信息。
The North-West (NW) region of Bangladesh is pivotal for the country’s agricultural development, mainly in producing irrigated Boro rice. However, increasing cost of irrigation water, fertilizers, labour and other inputs, and the spatio-temporal variation in actual yield, market price and profitability of rice, have added uncertainty to the sustainability of Boro rice cultivation. In this study, we evaluated the productivity, profitability, and prospect of Boro rice production using comprehensive field data collected directly from 420 farmers’ fields over two consecutive seasons (2015–16 and 2016–17), across seven geographically distributed locations in the NW region. We also analyzed the risk and return trade of popular Boro rice cultivars using Monte-Carlo simulation. The results show that there were significant (p≤0.05) variations in rice yield between sites, irrigation pump-types, and rice varieties, with Hybrid rice and BRRI dhan29 producing highest yields (6.0–7.5 t/ha). Due to different pricing systems, the cost of irrigation water varied from site to site and from year to year, but always comprised the highest input cost (20–25% of total production). The total paid-out cost, gross benefit, and gross income of rice significantly (p≤0.05) differed between sites, type of irrigation pumps, rice varieties, transplanting dates, and two cropping years. The variations in observed yield and profitability reveal considerable scope to improve rice production systems. Market variation in the price of rice affected overall profitability significantly. Probability and risk analysis results show that Minikit and BRRI dhan29 are the most stable varieties for yield and profitability. Hybrid rice, which has the maximum attainable yield among the cultivated rice varieties, also has the risk of negative net income. Based on the analysis, we discussed ways to improve yield and profitability and the prospect of Boro rice cultivation in the region. The study provides valuable information for policy-makers to sustain irrigated rice cultivation in both the NW region and nationally.
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