In Amphioxus Embryos, Some Neural Tube Cells Resemble Differentiating Coronet Cells of Fishes and Tunicates

In Amphioxus Embryos, Some Neural Tube Cells Resemble Differentiating Coronet Cells of Fishes and Tunicates
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在文昌鱼胚胎中,一些神经管细胞类似于鱼类和被囊类动物分化的冠状细胞

DOI:
10.1086/724581
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
The Biological Bulletin
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Mansfield, Jennifer H.
Mansfield, Jennifer H.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Holland, Nicholas D.;Mansfield, Jennifer H.

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对文昌鱼(Cephalchordata)脊索亚门的神经胚胎的神经管前部进行了透射电子显微镜观察。这项研究显示了以前未见报道的细胞,每个细胞的特征是纤毛在其轴上承载着一个突出的、充满小泡的侧向气泡。这种纤毛与其他脊索动物中未成熟的冠状细胞中已知的纤毛相似--即脊椎动物中的鱼类和脊椎动物中的海鞘动物和附肢动物。这种冠状细胞的广泛出现提出了它们在脊索动物门中可能的同源性的问题。当在整个细胞的水平上考虑时,这种同源性并不被很好地支持。例如,鱼类细胞通常被认为是胶质细胞,而被囊细胞被认为是神经元;而且,在前者中占优势的细胞质平滑内质网在后者中是看不到的。相比之下,通过限制与细胞尖端及其修饰的纤毛的比较,可以得出更令人信服的同源性案例。除了已经提到的鱼类和被毛类之间的精细结构相似之外,还发现了与两组修改后的纤毛中的小泡有关的非视觉视蛋白。这种视蛋白被认为将光接收与内分泌输出控制行为联系起来。还需要进一步的工作来测试这种观点,即具有侧向气泡纤毛的文昌鱼间脑细胞可能同样富含视蛋白,并可能为深入了解脊索动物门内冠状细胞的进化史提供线索。
For neurula embryos of amphioxus (chordate subphylum Cephalochordata), the anterior region of the neural tube was studied with transmission electron microscopy. This survey demonstrated previously unreported cells, each characterized by a cilium bearing on its shaft a protruding lateral bubble packed with vesicles. Such cilia resemble those known from immature coronet cells in other chordates—namely, fishes in the Vertebrata and ascidians and appendicularians in the Tunicata. This wide occurrence of coronet-like cells raises questions about their possible homologies within the phylum Chordata. When considered at the level of the whole cell, such homology is not well supported. For example, the fish cells are generally thought to be glia, while the tunicate cells are considered to be neurons; moreover, cytoplasmic smooth endoplasmic reticulum, which is predominant in the former, is undetectable in the latter. In contrast, a more convincing case for homology can be made by limiting comparisons to the cell apices with their modified cilia. In addition to the fine-structural similarities between fishes and tunicates already mentioned, nonvisual opsins have been found associated with the vesicles in the modified cilia of both groups. Such opsins are thought to link photoreception to endocrine output controlling behavior. Further work would be needed to test the idea that the amphioxus diencephalic cells with lateral bubble cilia might similarly be opsin rich and could provide insights into the evolutionary history of the coronet cells within the phylum Chordata.
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