Structural insights into molecular mechanism for N(6)-adenosine methylation by MT-A70 family methyltransferase METTL4.

Structural insights into molecular mechanism for N(6)-adenosine methylation by MT-A70 family methyltransferase METTL4.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-022-33277-x
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发表时间:
2022-09-26
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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胃L4属于甲基转移酶(MTase)蛋白的MT-A70家族成员的一个亚支,其显示在多种真核生物中介导RNA和DNA的N6-腺苷甲基化。在这里,我们报告了拟南芥胃L4在体内作为N6− 2 '-O-二甲基腺苷(m6 Am)的U2 snRNA MTase发挥作用,调节开花时间,并在体外特异性催化单链RNA中2'-O-甲基腺苷(Am)的N6-甲基化。拟南芥L4全长的apo结构结合S-腺苷-L-甲硫氨酸(SAM)和与含Am的RNA底物的复合物结构,结合诱变和体外酶促分析,揭示了一个预先形成的L形,带正电荷的空腔,由四个环包围底物结合和由保守残基组成的催化中心,用于特异性Am核苷酸识别和N6-甲基化活性。胃L4与mRNA m6 A酶胃L3/胃L14异二聚体的结构比较和建模分析表明,胃L4对N6-腺苷甲基化的催化机制可能在MT-A70家族成员中共享。在这里,作者将联合收割机的功能和结构工作结合起来,表明在拟南芥中,胃L4作为U2 snRNA m6 Am RNA甲基转移酶发挥功能,支持2 '-O-甲基腺苷的N6-甲基化。
METTL4 belongs to a subclade of MT-A70 family members of methyltransferase (MTase) proteins shown to mediate N6-adenosine methylation for both RNA and DNA in diverse eukaryotes. Here, we report that Arabidopsis METTL4 functions as U2 snRNA MTase for N6−2’-O-dimethyladenosine (m6Am) in vivo that regulates flowering time, and specifically catalyzes N6-methylation of 2’-O-methyladenosine (Am) within a single-stranded RNA in vitro. The apo structures of full-length Arabidopsis METTL4 bound to S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and the complex structure with an Am-containing RNA substrate, combined with mutagenesis and in vitro enzymatic assays, uncover a preformed L-shaped, positively-charged cavity surrounded by four loops for substrate binding and a catalytic center composed of conserved residues for specific Am nucleotide recognition and N6-methylation activity. Structural comparison of METTL4 with the mRNA m6A enzyme METTL3/METTL14 heterodimer and modeling analysis suggest a catalytic mechanism for N6-adenosine methylation by METTL4, which may be shared among MT-A70 family members. Here the authors combine functional and structural work to show that METTL4 functions as U2 snRNA m6Am RNA methyltransferase supporting N6-methylation of 2’-O-methyladenosine in Arabidopsis.
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