Examining Inputs of Biogenic and Oil-Derived Hydrocarbons in Surface Waters Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

Examining Inputs of Biogenic and Oil-Derived Hydrocarbons in Surface Waters Following the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
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检查深水地平线漏油后地表水中生物和石油衍生碳氢化合物的输入

DOI:
10.1021/acsearthspacechem.9b00090
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发表时间:
2019
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Sylva, Sean P.
Sylva, Sean P.
中科院分区:
化学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
White, Helen K.;Marx, Charles T.;Valentine, David L.;Sharpless, Charles;Aeppli, Christoph;Gosselin, Kelsey M.;Kivenson, Veronika;Liu, Rachel M.;Nelson, Robert K.;Sylva, Sean P.

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Aliphatic hydrocarbons in the surface ocean are derived from phytoplankton and oil, but the coexistence and cycling of these two sources is not well-defined. Moreover, phytoplankton and oil can create thin layers of a nonmiscible phase that appear as sheens on surface water and are visually difficult to distinguish. Here, we examine the co-occurrence of hydrocarbon compounds in surface water samples to determine the inputs from phytoplankton and oil using pentadecane (C15-n-alkane) and heptadecane (C17-n-alkane) as molecular markers. Surface water sheens collected from a 2015 field survey in the Northern Gulf of Mexico contained hydrocarbons from natural oil seepage, phytoplankton blooms (i.e., biogenic), and mixtures of the two. Microbial communities examined in surface water sheen samples were dominated by cyanobacteria of the GenusTrichodesmium. The hydrocarbon content of the field-collected surface sheens was used to inform the categorization of 2171 samples collected in 2010 during the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill. Of the water samples categorized, a small fraction (<1%) contained only biogenic hydrocarbons, and ∼10% contained a biogenic-hydrocarbon input mixed with oil. This study provides a method for identifying biogenic inputs to oil slicks and surface sheens, and highlights a molecular approach to distinguish the two sources.
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