Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of bi-direction pedestrian flow with different walk speeds

Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of bi-direction pedestrian flow with different walk speeds
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不同步行速度双向行人流的动力学蒙特卡罗模拟

DOI:
10.1016/j.physa.2020.124295
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Sun, Yi
Sun, Yi
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sun, Yi

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基于互斥原理和Arrhenius微观动力学,建立了不同步行速度下行人双向流动的二维元胞自动机模型。该模型根据每个行人的周围条件以及他们的步行偏好和速度来实现行人的运动规则。虽然行人的决策过程比车流更复杂,对动态条件的适应性更强,但我们的规则能够反映行人在微观尺度上的行为,如前进、停车等待、换道、超车、后退等,同时达到真实的宏观紧急活动。我们使用一种高效的基于列表的动力学蒙特卡罗(KMC)算法来进化行人系统。模拟结果显示了三个阶段之间的过渡:自由流动、车道形成和完全拥堵阶段,这是行人初始密度的函数。在车道形成阶段,我们可以通过狭窄的人行道观察到快行人超过慢行人的现象。在不同的阶段,密度-流量和密度-速度的关系是不同的。将本文所述的KMC模拟结果与其他著名的行人流模型的模拟结果以及实际交通的相应经验结果进行了比较。
This paper presents a two-dimensional (2D) cellular automaton model for bi-direction pedestrian flows with different walk speeds based on the exclusion principle and Arrhenius microscopic dynamics. This model implements pedestrians’ movement rules based on each pedestrian’s surrounding conditions and their walking preferences and speeds. Although the decision-making process of pedestrians is more complex and adaptive to dynamic conditions than vehicular flows, our rules can reflect the behaviors of pedestrians at the microscale, such as moving forward, stopping to wait, lane switching, passing others, back stepping, etc. while attaining realistic emergent macroscale activity. We employ an efficient list-based kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) algorithm to evolve the pedestrian system. The simulation results exhibit transitions between three phases: freely flowing, lane formation, and fully jammed phases as a function of initial density of pedestrians. In the phase of lane formation, we can observe the phenomenon that faster pedestrians exceed the slower ones through a narrow walkway. At different phases the relationships of density–flow and density–velocity are different from each other. The KMC simulations reported here are compared with those from other well-known pedestrian flow models and the corresponding empirical results from real traffic.
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