Employment Trajectories and Later Employment Outcomes for Mothers in the British Household Panel Survey: An Analysis by Skill Level
Employment Trajectories and Later Employment Outcomes for Mothers in the British Household Panel Survey: An Analysis by Skill Level
复制标题
英国家庭小组调查中母亲的就业轨迹和后来的就业结果：按技能水平进行分析
作者：
K. Stewart
摘要本文探讨了母亲在子女年幼时从事有偿工作与子女日后就业前景之间的关系。它使用17波英国家庭小组调查（1997-2007年），研究了954名妇女在最小的孩子出生后十年的就业轨迹，提出了两个主要问题。进入或返回工作岗位的母亲是否倾向于继续就业？工资和工作满意度进一步下降（当最小的孩子达到10岁）反映了所采取的途径吗？该条特别侧重于具有较高和较低级别资格的妇女之间的差异。研究发现，母亲们的就业途径多种多样，不稳定性相对普遍：在此期间，超过三分之一的人进出工作岗位，这种流动在拥有较高学历的母亲中与那些只有普通中等教育证书水平学历或根本没有学历的母亲中一样普遍。稳定-和较长-的工作经历与以后的工资增加有关，但正如人力资本理论所预测的那样，资格水平较高的妇女的好处更大。资格更高的妇女以及在过去十年中进出工作的妇女在其最小的孩子10岁时的小时工资比有稳定工作经历的类似妇女低31%;资格很少或没有资格的妇女的相应数字为10%，在统计上不显著。对于这两组人来说，十年结束时的工作满意度与所采取的途径无关。
Abstract This article explores the association between mothers’ involvement in paid employment when their children are young and their later employment prospects. Using 17 waves of the British Household Panel Survey (1997–2007), it examines the employment trajectories of 954 women for the decade after the birth of their youngest child, asking two main questions. Do mothers who enter or return to work tend to remain in employment? And do wages and job satisfaction further down the line (when the youngest child reaches ten years old) reflect the pathway taken? The article focuses in particular on differences between women with higher- and lower-level qualifications. Mothers are found to be following a variety of employment pathways, with instability relatively common: more than one in three move in and out of work over the period, and this movement is just as common among mothers with higher levels of qualifications as among those with only GCSE-level qualifications or none at all. A stable – and longer – work history is associated with increased wages later on, but the benefits are greater for women with higher levels of qualifications, as might be predicted by human capital theory. Women who were more highly qualified and who moved in and out of work over the decade had an hourly wage when their youngest child was ten which was 31 per cent lower than similar women with a stable work history; for women with few or no qualifications the corresponding figure was 10 per cent and statistically insignificant. For both groups, job satisfaction at the end of the decade was unrelated to the pathway taken.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1540-5834.2010.00562.x
发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
9.5
作者：
Brooks-Gunn,Jeanne;Han,Wen-Jui;Waldfogel,Jane
通讯作者：
Waldfogel,Jane