Molecular control of steady-state dendritic cell maturation and immune homeostasis.

Molecular control of steady-state dendritic cell maturation and immune homeostasis.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-immunol-020711-074929
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
29.7
通讯作者:
Ma A
Ma A
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hammer GE;Ma A

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树突状细胞(Dendritic cells,DC)是负责协调适应性免疫的特化哨兵。这种功能依赖于对炎症和感染的环境信号的耦合敏感性,以及细胞成熟-DC表型和功能的程序性改变以增强免疫细胞活化。尽管DC因此装备良好以响应病原体,但成熟触发物并非感染所独有。鉴于免疫细胞对DC的生物学功能非常敏感,我们现在认识到需要多层抑制来限制DC的环境敏感性、细胞成熟甚至寿命,以防止稳态期间的异常免疫激活。同时,稳态DC不是静止的,而是执行支持许多细胞类型的稳态的关键功能。在这里,我们回顾这些功能和抑制的分子机制,控制稳态DC成熟。这些稳态操作者的腐败具有不同的免疫学后果,并将DC定位为自身免疫性和炎症性疾病的有力驱动因素。
Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized sentinels responsible for coordinating adaptive immunity. This function is dependent upon coupled sensitivity to environmental signs of inflammation and infection to cellular maturation—the programmed alteration of DC phenotype and function to enhance immune cell activation. Although DCs are thus well equipped to respond to pathogens, maturation triggers are not unique to infection. Given that immune cells are exquisitely sensitive to the biological functions of DCs, we now appreciate that multiple layers of suppression are required to restrict the environmental sensitivity, cellular maturation, and even life span of DCs to prevent aberrant immune activation during the steady state. At the same time, steady-state DCs are not quiescent but rather perform key functions that support homeostasis of numerous cell types. Here we review these functions and molecular mechanisms of suppression that control steady-state DC maturation. Corruption of these steady-state operatives has diverse immunological consequences and pinpoints DCs as potent drivers of autoimmune and inflammatory disease.
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