The Discovery, Mechanisms, and Evolutionary Impact of Anti-CRISPRs.

The Discovery, Mechanisms, and Evolutionary Impact of Anti-CRISPRs.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-virology-101416-041616
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发表时间:
2017-09-29
影响因子:
11.3
通讯作者:
Bondy-Denomy J
Bondy-Denomy J
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Borges AL;Davidson AR;Bondy-Denomy J

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细菌和古细菌使用CRISPR-Cas适应性免疫系统来保护自己免受噬菌体的感染。这些RNA引导的核酸酶是对抗外源DNA(如质粒和质粒)的强大武器,也是革命性的基因编辑工具。然而,噬菌体在与CRISPR-Cas系统的相互作用中并不是被动的旁观者;最近的发现描述了抑制CRISPR-Cas功能的噬菌体基因。超过20个蛋白质家族,以前未知的功能,已被归因于抗CRISPR功能。在这里,我们讨论了这些CRISPR-Cas抑制剂是如何被发现的,以及它们的作用模式是如何阐明的。我们还考虑了抗CRISPR对细菌和噬菌体进化的潜在影响。最后,我们对这一领域的未来进行了展望。
Bacteria and archaea use CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems to defend themselves from infection by bacteriophages (phages). These RNA-guided nucleases are powerful weapons in the fight against foreign DNA, such as phages and plasmids, as well as a revolutionary gene editing tool. Phages are not passive bystanders in their interactions with CRISPR-Cas systems, however; recent discoveries have described phage genes that inhibit CRISPR-Cas function. More than 20 protein families, previously of unknown function, have been ascribed anti-CRISPR function. Here, we discuss how these CRISPR-Cas inhibitors were discovered and their modes of action elucidated. We also consider the potential impact of anti-CRISPRs on bacterial and phage evolution. Finally, we speculate about the future of this field.
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发表时间: 2016-08-05
期刊: Science (New York, N.Y.)
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