Contributions of inflammatory processes to the development of the early stages of diabetic retinopathy.
Contributions of inflammatory processes to the development of the early stages of diabetic retinopathy.
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DOI：
10.1155/2007/95103
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发表时间：
2007
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kern, Timothy S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kern, Timothy S.
糖尿病导致视网膜的代谢和生理异常，这些变化表明炎症在糖尿病视网膜病变的发展中起作用。这些变化包括iNOS、考克斯-2、ICAM-1、caspase 1、VEGF和NF-B的上调，一氧化氮、前列腺素E2、IL-1和细胞因子的产生增加，以及渗透性增加和白细胞停滞。使用选择性药理学抑制剂或遗传修饰的动物，已经确定了越来越多的治疗方法，其显著抑制至少早期阶段的糖尿病视网膜病变的发展，特别是视网膜毛细血管的阻塞和变性。许多这些疗法的共同特征是它们抑制炎症介质的产生。局部炎症过程在糖尿病视网膜病变的发展中起作用的概念相对较新，但支持这一假设的证据正在迅速积累。这一新的假说为糖尿病视网膜病变的发病机制提供了新的见解，并为抑制眼部疾病提供了新的靶点。
Diabetes causes metabolic and physiologic abnormalities in the retina, and these changes suggest a role for inflammation in the development of diabetic retinopathy. These changes include upregulation of iNOS, COX-2, ICAM-1, caspase 1, VEGF, and NF-B, increased production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, IL-1, and cytokines, as well as increased permeability and leukostasis. Using selective pharmacologic inhibitors or genetically modified animals, an increasing number of therapeutic approaches have been identified that significantly inhibit development of at least the early stages of diabetic retinopathy, especially occlusion and degeneration of retinal capillaries. A common feature of a number of these therapies is that they inhibit production of inflammatory mediators. The concept that localized inflammatory processes play a role in the development of diabetic retinopathy is relatively new, but evidence that supports the hypothesis is accumulating rapidly. This new hypothesis offers new insight into the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy, and offers novel targets to inhibit the ocular disease.
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