CD8+ effector T cells at the fetal-maternal interface, balancing fetal tolerance and antiviral immunity.

CD8+ effector T cells at the fetal-maternal interface, balancing fetal tolerance and antiviral immunity.
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DOI:
10.1111/aji.12094
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发表时间:
2013-04
期刊:
American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Strominger JL
Strominger JL
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tilburgs T;Strominger JL

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在怀孕期间,CD8+ 效应 T 细胞需要最佳的免疫调节,以防止对同种异体胎儿细胞的有害反应,同时为感染提供免疫保护。很大一部分(未来的)母亲携带幼稚或记忆性 CD8+ T 细胞,其 TCR 可以直接与父亲的 MHC 分子结合。此外,很大比例的孕妇会对胎儿次要组织相容性抗原 (mHags) 产生特异性 T 细胞反应。正常情况下,胎儿-母体 MHC 和 mHag 不匹配会导致淋巴细胞活化升高,但不会导致妊娠失败。此外,病毒感染通过改变 CD8+ T 细胞库并增加 CD8+ T 细胞流入蜕膜组织来改变母体 CD8+ T 细胞反应。胎儿-母体界面处的 T 细胞激活阈值通常较高,可能会阻碍病毒感染的有效清除。相反,病毒感染引起的炎症反应增加可能会破坏胎儿-母体的耐受性并导致妊娠并发症。本综述的目的是讨论妊娠期 CD8+ T 细胞的最新研究,确定 CD8+ T 细胞抗原特异性免疫识别胎儿绒毛外滋养层 (EVT) 细胞的潜在机制,并讨论妊娠期间病毒感染和病毒特异性 CD8+ T 细胞的影响。
During pregnancy CD8+ effector T cells need optimal immune regulation to prevent a detrimental response to allogeneic fetal cells while providing immune protection to infections. A significant proportion of (prospective) mothers carry naïve or memory CD8+ T cells with a TCR that can directly bind to paternal MHC molecules. In addition, a high percentage of pregnant women develop specific T cell responses to fetal minor histocompatibility antigens (mHags). Under normal conditions, fetal–maternal MHC and mHag mismatches lead to elevated lymphocyte activation but do not induce pregnancy failure. Furthermore, viral infections alter the maternal CD8+ T cell response by changing the CD8+ T cell repertoire and increasing the influx of CD8+ T cells to decidual tissue. The normally high T cell activation threshold at the fetal–maternal interface may prevent efficient clearance of viral infections. Conversely, the increased inflammatory response due to viral infections may break fetal–maternal tolerance and lead to pregnancy complications. The aim of this review is to discuss the recent studies of CD8+ T cells in pregnancy, identify potential mechanisms for antigen-specific immune recognition of fetal extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cells by CD8+ T cells, and discuss the impact of viral infections and virus-specific CD8+ T cells during pregnancy.
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