Unraveling why we sleep: Quantitative analysis reveals abrupt transition from neural reorganization to repair in early development.

Unraveling why we sleep: Quantitative analysis reveals abrupt transition from neural reorganization to repair in early development.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.aba0398
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发表时间:
2020-09
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Savage VM
Savage VM
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cao J;Herman AB;West GB;Poe G;Savage VM

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结合数学理论和数据分析发现睡眠功能如何从神经重组转向修复。睡眠具有不同的功能,最明显的是神经修复,代谢物清除和电路重组。然而,其相对重要性仍然存在激烈的争论。在这里,我们创建了一个新的机制框架,用于理解和预测睡眠在个体发育过程中和整个发育过程中的变化。我们用这个理论来定量区分用于神经重组和修复的睡眠。我们的研究结果揭示了一个突然的转变,在人类2到3岁之间。具体来说,我们的研究结果表明,在个体发育过程中和个体发育后期(人类2或3年后)睡眠的差异主要是由于睡眠功能的修复或清除,而在个体发育早期(2或3年前)睡眠的变化主要支持神经重组和学习。此外,我们的分析表明,神经可塑性重组主要发生在REM睡眠,而不是在NREM。这种发育转变表明,睡眠的发育和进化限制之间存在复杂的相互作用。
Discovery of how sleep function shifts from neural reorganization to repair by combining mathematical theory and data analysis. Sleep serves disparate functions, most notably neural repair, metabolite clearance and circuit reorganization. Yet the relative importance remains hotly debated. Here, we create a novel mechanistic framework for understanding and predicting how sleep changes during ontogeny and across phylogeny. We use this theory to quantitatively distinguish between sleep used for neural reorganization versus repair. Our findings reveal an abrupt transition, between 2 and 3 years of age in humans. Specifically, our results show that differences in sleep across phylogeny and during late ontogeny (after 2 or 3 years in humans) are primarily due to sleep functioning for repair or clearance, while changes in sleep during early ontogeny (before 2 or 3 years) primarily support neural reorganization and learning. Moreover, our analysis shows that neuroplastic reorganization occurs primarily in REM sleep but not in NREM. This developmental transition suggests a complex interplay between developmental and evolutionary constraints on sleep.
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