Chronic nicotine interactions with clozapine and risperidone and attentional function in rats.
Chronic nicotine interactions with clozapine and risperidone and attentional function in rats.
复制标题
尼古丁与氯氮平和利培酮的慢性相互作用以及大鼠的注意力功能。
DOI：
10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.10.017
复制
发表时间：
2006
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Levin,EdwardD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rezvani,AmirH;Caldwell,DPatrick;Levin,EdwardD
虽然抗精神病药物在治疗上有效减轻精神分裂症的标志性症状，但这些改善并不能使大多数患者的认知功能恢复到规范的标准。因此，可能需要补充药物治疗来治疗精神分裂症的注意力缺陷，以及抵消一些抗精神病药物引起的潜在注意力障碍。尼古丁是一种大多数精神分裂症患者通常自行服用的药物，在一些研究中已被证明能显著改善认知功能。目前的研究是为了确定非典型抗精神病药物氯氮平和利培酮与慢性尼古丁给药对注意力表现的相互作用。成年雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠（N=35）被训练使用操作性视觉信号检测任务执行注意任务。训练结束后，大鼠通过渗透泵连续28天灌胃5 mg/kg/d的尼古丁碱（n=18）或生理盐水（n=17）。在实验1中，大鼠在给予慢性尼古丁或生理盐水的同时，分别给予急性剂量氯氮平（0、0.625、1.25和2.5 mg/kg, s.c），并测试其注意功能。在实验2中，在慢性尼古丁或生理盐水的作用下，另一些大鼠被急性剂量的利培酮（0、0.025、0.05和0.1 mg/kg, s.c）刺激，并测试其注意功能。结果显示，急性氯氮平给药导致慢性生理盐水治疗动物的选择准确性（命中百分比）显著的剂量依赖性损伤。慢性尼古丁治疗本身降低了准确性，但急性氯氮平治疗进一步减弱了准确性的下降。急性高剂量利培酮显著降低慢性盐处理大鼠的表现（正确排斥百分比），但与实验1相似，慢性尼古丁降低了准确性，但减轻了急性利培酮的进一步损害。综上所述，非典型抗精神病药物氯氮平和利培酮显著降低了视觉信号检测任务中的选择准确性。氯氮平比利培酮更有害，但氯氮平和利培酮对长期尼古丁治疗大鼠注意力表现的不良影响被掩盖。
Although antipsychotic drugs are therapeutically effective in attenuating the hallmark symptoms of schizophrenia, these improvements do not return most patients to normative standards of cognitive function. Thus, complementary drug treatment may be needed to treat the attentional deficits of schizophrenia as well as to counteract the potential attentional impairments caused by some antipsychotic drugs. Nicotine, a drug commonly self-administered by a great majority of individuals with schizophrenia, has been shown to significantly improve cognitive function in some studies. The current study was conducted to determine the interactive effects of the atypical antipsychotic drugs clozapine and risperidone with chronic nicotine administration on attentional performance. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats (N=35) were trained to perform an attentional task using an operant visual signal detection task. After training, rats were infused with a dose of 5 mg/kg/day (s.c.) nicotine base (n=18) or saline (n=17) for 28 consecutive days via osmotic pump. In Exp. 1, while being administered chronic nicotine or saline, rats were given acute doses of clozapine (0, 0.625, 1.25 and 2.5 mg/kg, s.c.) and were tested for attentional function. In Exp. 2, while on chronic nicotine or saline, other rats were challenged with acute doses of risperidone (0, 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) and were tested for attentional function. Results showed that acute administration of clozapine caused a significant dose-dependent impairment in choice accuracy (percent hit) in animals treated with chronic saline. Chronic nicotine treatment itself lowered accuracy, but attenuated further declines with acute clozapine treatment. Acute administration of risperidone at high dose significantly reduced performance (percent correct rejection) in chronically saline-treated rats, but in a similar fashion as in Exp. 1, chronic nicotine lowered accuracy but attenuated further impairment with acute risperidone. In summary, atypical antipsychotic drugs clozapine and risperidone significantly impaired choice accuracy in the visual signal detection task. Clozapine was more detrimental than risperidone but the adverse effects of both clozapine and risperidone on attentional performance were masked in rats chronically treated with nicotine.
DOI：
10.1016/0169-328x(89)90011-9
发表时间：
1989-01-01
期刊：
MOLECULAR BRAIN RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
GOEDERT, M;FINE, A;CHAO, MV
通讯作者：
CHAO, MV
观察百岁老人的大脑
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
Meng-Tsen Ke;Satoshi Fujimoto;Takeshi Imai;石内 勝吾
通讯作者：
石内 勝吾